氣溫每升一度 瘧疾風險增7％

氣溫每升一度 瘧疾風險增7％（2007年4月16日）Temperatures once per liter increase in malaria risk 7%

【明報專訊】全球暖化問題迫在眉睫，港人也不能獨善其身，環保署委託理工大學進行的評估發現，只要本港氣溫上升攝氏1度，感染登革熱及瘧疾的風險分別會增加1.24％及6.7％。傳染病專科醫生勞永樂指政府不應掉以輕心，應手加強防蚊措施，以免問題惡化。

Pressing problems of global warming, people are no exception, the EPD has commissioned Hong Kong Polytechnic University to conduct the assessment found that As long as the temperature rose 1 degree Celsius, the risk of dengue fever and malaria will increase risks were 1.24% and 6.7%. Dr Lo Wing-lok of infectious disease specialists say the government should not take it lightly and should stepping up anti-mosquito measures, in order to avoid aggravation of the problem.

永樂指出，雖然環保署評估顯示，氣溫上升令港人感染瘧疾的風險較大，但實際環境較有利登革熱傳播，因為瘧蚊需要清溪繁殖，本港城市化環境其實並不適合該類蚊子生長，但傳染登革熱的白紋伊蚊卻可在積水中生長，只要氣溫上升，這些蚊的存活率便大增，間接影響人類感染風險。資料顯示，近年東南亞地區感染登革熱的個案有上升趨勢，新加坡致力推行滅蚊措施，但每年仍錄得約1萬宗個案。

有利登革熱傳播 籲加強滅蚊

不過，他認為，本港冬季至少有兩個月處於攝氏20度以下，蚊患暫得以紓緩，到春回大地才重新繁殖，情較易受控。不過，他指政府不能掉以輕心，幾年前馬灣曾爆發登革熱，顯示稍一鬆懈，情便可能失控，目前應手籌劃加強防蚊措施。

環保署委託理工大學進行的有關評估，早於04年完成，但當局一直未有公開，直至最近才將報告內容上載署方網頁。該報告全面評估全球暖化對各方面影響，除環境衛生，還有對死亡率、電力需求及生態等影響。報告估計，若本港夏天平均氣溫上升攝氏1度，便額外有6.82人死亡；當冬天平均氣溫上升1度，死亡人數便會下跌0.61。

EPD has commissioned the Polytechnic University to conduct the assessment, as early as 04 completed, the authorities have failed to open, until recently was the contents of the report will be uploaded onto the department's website. The report on a comprehensive assessment of the global warming impact, in addition to sanitation, and the mortality, electricity demand and ecological impacts. The report estimated that, if the average summer temperature rose one degree Celsius, then an additional 6.82 deaths; When winter temperatures rose an average, the number of deaths will decrease 0.61.

聯合國最新發表的報告，預測20年全球氣溫將上升0.4度，本世紀末全球氣溫較現時上升3至4度，屆時本港將沒有冬天，而環保署的評估，有可能變成事實。

The latest United Nations report forecasts 20 global temperature will rise 0.4 degrees. by the end of the century global warming than the current rise 3-4 degrees, then there will be no winter, and the EPD's assessment, may become a reality.

電費升4.5％ 需17億

氣溫上升，開冷氣的時間會愈來愈長。報告指出，當本港氣溫上升1度，全港全年電力增長平均上升4.53％，以02年的耗電量推算，一年全港便要花上約17.2億元的電費。當氣溫上升2及3度，電費增長分別為9.5％及15％。

The temperature rose, air conditioners time will become longer and longer. The report points out that when the temperatures up a degree, the annual electricity in Hong Kong rose an average growth of 4.53%. 02 to the consumption projections, the year Hong Kong will spend about 1.72 billion yuan in tariff. When the temperature rose two and three degrees, electricity growth of 9.5% and 15%.

地球之友環境事務經理朱漢強批評，政府90年代初曾成立跨部門小組，但幾年後在無聲無息下解散，他認為全球暖化問題迫在眉睫，是時候令該小組「復活」。天文台高級科學主任梁榮武表示，政府部門近年亦有就全球暖化問題溝通，例如天文台正與食環署合作，研究誘蚊指數與氣溫的關係。環保署表示，將在今年內再展開氣候變化的新一輪研究。

Friends of the Earth environmental affairs manager Shuhanjiang criticized the government of the early 1990s had set up an inter-departmental group, But after a few years under the quietly disbanded, he thought the global warming issue is imminent, so it is time for the group "Resurrection." Observatory Senior Scientific Officer Liangrongwu said that the government departments in recent years on the issue of global warming communication, For example, the Observatory is the department's cooperation, research ovitrap index and temperature relationship. EPD, will be launched within this year a new climate change a study.

明報記者 馬耀森

Ming Pao Daily News reporter Ma Yaosen