化学专家质疑奶农在原奶中掺入三聚氰胺说法Chemical experts questioned the dairy milk in the original statement of melamine mixing
化学专家质疑奶农在原奶中掺入三聚氰胺说法
本报讯 “肾结石婴儿”事件曝光后，三鹿集团称“不法奶农向鲜牛奶中掺入了三聚氰胺”。9月12日中午，有化学专家和业内人士表示，此说法存在较多疑点。
业内人士认为，从常理判断，奶粉中出现三聚氰胺，无非存在三种可能性：一是奶牛吃了含三聚氰胺的饲料，传导至鲜牛奶中；二是由原料中加入，即三聚氰胺掺入鲜牛奶或奶粉的其他辅料中；三是在生产环节中加入。
第一种可能性被受访各方排除，因为奶牛吃了此类饲料，要么不消化而在体内累积，进而伤害其自身；要么消化后排泄，不可能以原封不动的化学形式进入鲜牛奶。
其次，包括三鹿集团厂方说法的第二可能性也存在不少疑点。
三聚氰胺是一种“白色单斜晶体”，“无味”，“微溶于水”，即鲜牛奶能溶解的三聚氰胺十分有限。
业内人士认为，不同于固态饲料，鲜牛奶是奶牛乳汁，其中蛋白质、水、脂肪的比例应当是一定的，一般只会因气候、饲料的变化发生季节性波动。一旦加入三聚氰胺，其蛋白质含量就会大增，进而与水、脂肪的比例就会异常，这很容易发现。
目前在中国，即使生产饲料，正规厂家一般都会对每批原料进行蛋白质含量、水含量和灰份(烧干后测试残留物)检测，必要时加脂肪检测。以目前技术手段，假如加入三聚氰胺引起鲜奶营养比不正常，并不难检测出来。
此外，假使该物质确实有办法掺入鲜牛奶，但其营养比显然会发生较大变化，三鹿集团为何未发现？据分析，要想让加入三聚氰胺后的鲜牛奶营养比协调，一般还需再向鲜奶中加水和脂肪。但一般的脂肪产品很难加入，必须加专业匀质脂肪。此类手法非一般奶农所能掌握。
对于在生产环节加入三聚氰胺的可能性，业内人士认为现在尚没有充分证据。(财经)
专家建议 配方奶粉无完美 一月一换最均衡
经常更换奶粉孩子长大后不容易偏食 小儿补钙太多也可导致肾结石
文/记者涂端玉 通讯员梅枚、刘东红
“很多家长问如何选购安全、优质的奶粉，甚至不少人不信任国产奶粉，纷纷转道网络代购、或去香港购买，这次问题奶粉事件爆发，会再次引起年轻父母大讨论。”就三鹿问题奶粉导致肾结石婴儿事件，记者详细采访了儿科专家、中山大学附属第二医院儿童神经内分泌专科主任罗向阳教授，他指出：任何奶粉配方均有偏颇和不足，世界上没有完美奶粉，建议经常更换最为安全。
并非国产奶粉就质量没有保证
针对三鹿奶粉的事情，罗向阳教授指出，不少人攻击国产奶粉，其实并非国产奶粉的质量没有保证，进口奶粉就绝对好。对于婴幼儿配方奶粉中的蛋白质含量，美国的标准比中国低一些。此外，对奶粉中某些微量元素，美国标准只设下限，上不封顶；而中国婴幼儿食品行业的国家标准有较严格的上下限。所以“标准有区别，并不代表品质有差异。”罗向阳教授说。
作为一名儿科医生，罗向阳教授建议，家长应经常给孩子换奶粉，最好一个月换一次。“绝大部分家长和宝宝都长期依赖某一固定品牌奶粉，其实这样并不科学。”
他指出，频繁更换奶粉有两方面好处：首先，无论哪种牌子的奶粉，营养素都不可能完全均衡，总会偏向某样多一点，各自拥有不同的配方比例。“就像成人想要达到均衡饮食，也应该有时吃米有时吃面一样，更换奶粉，也可以让婴儿营养更全面。”其次，喂养奶粉其实也可以训练儿童心理，经常更换奶粉，是对婴儿规律饮食习惯的培养，这样，孩子长大后不容易偏食，而“锁定”非某奶粉不喝的宝宝更可能有偏食习惯。
专家呼吁正规渠道买奶粉
此外，专家还表示，相对于正常销售渠道，不少年轻父母青睐“港版”奶粉，通常会从网上购买或托人代购，但这种做法存在一定风险，因为网上卖家通常都是通过私人渠道代购商品，无法提供我国入境检验检疫合格证，卫生质量和安全性无从保证。而且一旦发生质量问题，消费者也难以向生产厂家索赔。
罗向阳教授提醒，建议从正规超市、婴幼儿专卖店等正规渠道进购奶粉，这样相对安全、质量有保障。“毕竟奶粉不是一般商品，对婴幼儿身体健康起着至关重要影响，网络渠道不太让人放心。”
婴儿暂时不宜外科手术
罗向阳教授告诉记者：“肾结石发生在小儿身上确实非常罕见，如果真的发现了婴儿患肾结石，暂时不宜外科手术，应继续仔细观察宝宝情况，如果不再形成新的结石、不干扰其排尿，就不会产生远期影响。”
而根据卫生部12日发布的诊疗方案，如诊断为结石，首先要立即停用该奶粉，采用内科保守治疗、合并急性肾衰竭的治疗、外科治疗等。
预防：多喝水多吃碱性食物
罗向阳教授提醒广大家长，其实不止是问题奶粉可致结石，补钙太多也可导致，家长平时应适当预防孩子肾结石的发生。
“可以给宝宝多喝水、多吃偏碱性食物如蔬菜、水果等，这些对预防结石形成有很大好处。”他说。除此，给宝宝补钙也要适量，一岁以前的宝宝一天不能补充超过500毫克的钙。
A "baby kidney stones," the incident came to light, San Lu Group, said "illegal in fresh milk to the dairy farmers have been blended with melamine." Sept. 12 at noon, and chemical industry experts said that there is more doubtful claims.
The industry believes that judging from common sense, the formula appeared in melamine, there is no more than three possibilities: First, the cows ate feed containing melamine, to the conduction of fresh milk; Second, by the addition of raw materials, melamine that is blended with fresh cow Milk or milk powder and other materials in; The third is in production to add.
The first possibility was ruled out all the respondents, such as cows ate feed, or indigestion and accumulated in the body, which hurt its own; digested or excreted, it is not possible to the intact form of the chemical into the fresh cow Milk.
Second, San Lu Group, including the factory said the second possibility there is a lot of doubt.
Melamine is a kind of "white monoclinic crystal," "tasteless" and "micro-soluble in water", that is, fresh milk to dissolve the melamine is very limited.
The industry believes that different from the solid feed, fresh milk is milk cows, protein, water, the ratio of fat should be certain, only because of the general climate, feed the change to seasonal fluctuations. Once adding melamine, and its protein content will increase, and with water, it will Abnormal fat ratio, which is very easy to find.
Currently in China, even if the production of feed, usually on the regular factory for the protein content of each batch of raw materials, water and ash content (after Shaogan residue test) testing and, if necessary, to increase detection of fat. The current technological means, if melamine rise to fresh milk by adding nutrients than normal, it is not difficult to detect.
In addition, if the material means to do incorporation of fresh milk, but it is clear that nutrition than large changes occur, why not find San Lu Group? According to the analysis, want to join the melamine after the nutrition of fresh milk than the coordination needed to revert to the general increase in water and milk fat. But in general it is difficult to join the fat products, we must increase the professional quality of fat absorption. Such practices can have non-dairy farmers in general.
In the production by adding the possibility of melamine, that the industry did not yet have sufficient evidence. (Finance)
Experts recommended no perfect formula for one of the most balanced in January
Regular milk to replace the children grow up is not easy to partial children too much calcium can lead to kidney stones
/ Reporter and correspondent Mei-yu Tu-end pieces, Hung Liu
"A lot of parents asking how to buy safe, high-quality milk powder, and even many of no confidence in the domestic milk powder, have been diverted purchasing network, or to the purchase of Hong Kong, the issue of milk powder incident, the young parents will once again rise to great debate." San Lu on the issue of infant formula lead to kidney stones, pediatric correspondents interviewed in detail, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University neuroendocrine child specialist Professor Luo Xiangyang, director, he pointed out: any formula milk powder are biased and inadequate, the world's not perfect formula , Proposed the replacement of the most frequent security.
Is not on the quality of domestic milk powder is no guarantee
Sanlu milk powder for the things that Professor Luo Xiangyang, a lot of people to attack domestic milk powder is not the quality of domestic milk powder is no guarantee on imports of powdered milk is good. The infant milk formula in the protein content and the United States is lower in China than the standard. In addition, the formula of certain trace elements in the United States only minimum standards, not on the ceiling; China and the infant food industry, national standards are more stringent upper and lower limits. Therefore, "there are differences between the standards does not mean that there are differences in quality." Said Professor Luo Xiangyang.
As a pediatrician, Professor Luo Xiangyang suggested that parents should give regular milk for the children, the best time for a month. "Most of the parents and baby are dependent on a long-term fixed-brand milk powder, in fact, this is not science."
He pointed out that the frequent replacement of the benefits of milk powder is two-fold: First of all, no matter what brand of milk powder, nutrients can not be totally balanced, there will always tend to kind of a little more, each has a different formula of the ratio. "It's like adults want to achieve a balanced diet should eat some rice noodles in some cases, replacement of milk powder, infant nutrition, this will allow a more comprehensive." Second, the formula feeding could have psychological training of children, often to replace milk, is a baby The law of the eating habits of the training, so that children grow up a particular kind of food is not easy, and "locking" of a baby milk do not drink are more likely to have a particular kind of food habits.
Experts Call for formal channels to buy milk powder
In addition, the experts said, compared with the normal distribution channels, many young parents favor the "Hong Kong version of" milk powder, usually from the Internet to buy or Trustee of the purchase, but this practice has some risk because the seller usually through on-line Private channels purchasing goods, can not provide our entry inspection and quarantine certificate, the quality of health and safety is by no means guaranteed. And that in the event of a quality that consumers can not claim to the manufacturer.
Professor Luo Xiangyang reminded that the formal proposal from the supermarket, infants and young children, and other formal channels into the store to buy milk, so the relative safety, quality guaranteed. "After all, milk is not an ordinary commodity, on the health of infants and young children play a crucial impact on network channels not very reassuring."
It is not suitable for infant surgery
Professor Luo Xiangyang, told reporters: "The occurrence of kidney stones in children who are very rare indeed, if the baby was found suffering from kidney stones, it is not suitable for surgery, should continue to examine the baby, if not the formation of the new calculus, do not interfere with their Urination, it would not have a long-term impact. "
According to the Ministry of Health issued by the 12 clinics, such as stone for the diagnosis, we should first stop using the milk, using a conservative medical treatment, the treatment of acute renal failure, surgical treatment, and so on.
Prevention: drink plenty of water eat basic food
Professor Luo Xiangyang remind the majority of parents, in fact, the problem is more than can be addressed to the stone powder, too much calcium can lead to, usually the parents should be to prevent the occurrence of kidney stones children.
"Baby can drink plenty of water, eat more alkaline food such as vegetables, fruits, etc., on these stones to prevent the formation of a great advantage." He said. In addition, calcium also appropriate to the baby, a day before the age of the baby can not add more than 500 milligrams of calcium.
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