藥物、飲食、運動 治療高膽固醇Drugs, diet, exercise, the treatment of high cholesterol

藥物、飲食、運動 治療高膽固醇 【劉惠敏】康宏銘說，遺傳也是高膽固醇的因素之一，可歸類為原發性高膽固醇，如果家族中有人在30歲以前，罹患早發性的心臟病，要注意定期健檢，若有異常應該要及早就醫。 台灣台安醫院內科部主任黃啟薰說明，後天的影響可不小，尤其是年輕人偏好高油脂、高熱量的速食文化，運動不足使得熱量攝取與消耗無法平衡，增高膽固醇數值。康宏銘說，甲狀腺功能異常、腎臟病、肥胖，或是內分泌（腎上腺功能不足）、藥物影響代謝也會引發高膽固醇，這些稱為續發性高膽固醇，必須要改善源頭。 高膽固醇的治療則要從三方面著手：一是藥物治療，目前最常用藥為降血脂藥物斯達汀類（ statin），但少部分人會引發肌肉痠痛、肝功能異常等副作用，目前也有新藥可抑制膽固醇吸收。 一方面必須從飲食、運動雙管齊下，台北國泰醫院家醫科主治醫師楊逸菊說，平時飲食必須慎選低膽固醇食材，減少高熱量食物，一周進行3到5次中等程度的運動（即每分鐘最大心跳必須達到220剪掉年齡），中等程度的運動，對身體體脂肪、血液脂肪消耗效率最高。 紅麴與斯達汀類藥物 勿同時吃 楊逸菊說，市面上保健食品琳瑯滿目，建議必須要慎選經過科學檢驗、認證的保健食品，不過醫師一致認為，經過證實可降膽固醇的保健品，有助一定程度降低膽固醇數值，可以改善輕微異常，但並不能完全取代藥物以及其他飲食、運動調整，尤其嚴重異常者，仍須定期服藥、檢查。 黃啟薰提醒，保健食品要聰明吃，有的吃多也有可能出現副作用，例如純化過的紅麴保健食品，與斯達汀類藥物成分相近，如果又吃降膽固醇藥物、又吃紅麴膠囊紅，可能導致肝腎傷害，甚至引發橫紋肌溶解症。 膽固醇的正常值 你清楚嗎 膽固醇總量的正常值為200mg/dl，而壞膽固醇LDL不要超過130mg/dl，好膽固醇HDL男生應超過40mg/dl，女生應超過50mg/dl。 不過罹患糖尿病、高血壓，又同時抽菸、高膽固醇者，康宏銘建議要適度調整控制的膽固醇目標，例如曾經發生過心肌梗塞患者，就必須更嚴格點，試圖藉由藥物、飲食、運動，將膽固醇降到100mg/dl。 糖尿病患則建議將膽固醇目標訂於130mg/dl，高膽固醇患者若沒有危險因素、想要停藥，則必須飲食、運動控制下，目標達到130到160mg/dl之間。 2008-09-20 Drugs, diet, exercise, the treatment of high cholesterol 【】 LIU Hui-min Kang Hong-ming said that the genetic high cholesterol is one of the factors that can be classified as primary and high cholesterol, if someone in the family before the age of 30 suffering from early onset of heart disease, should pay attention to regular health check, if There should be unusual for medical treatment as soon as possible. Taiwan Adventist Hospital Huang Xun, director of the Department of Internal Medicine shows that the impact may be acquired small, especially young people preferred high-fat, high-calorie fast-food culture, lack of exercise makes calorie intake and consumption can not be balanced, high cholesterol values. Kang Hong-ming said that the abnormal thyroid function, kidney disease, obesity, or endocrine (adrenal insufficiency), the influence of drugs will lead to high cholesterol metabolism, such as the renewal of high cholesterol, it is necessary to improve the source. The treatment of high cholesterol will have to proceed on three fronts: first, drug treatment, is currently the most common medication for lowering statin class of drugs (statin), but a small number of people will lead to muscle pain, abnormal liver function, and other side effects, there are currently New drugs can inhibit the absorption of cholesterol. On the one hand, from diet, exercise, a two-pronged approach, Cathay General Hospital in Taipei family medicine physician, said Yang Ju, usually low-cholesterol diet must be selective ingredients to reduce the high-calorie food, for the week 3-5 at moderate exercise (that is, per minute Maximum heart rate reached 220 to be cut off age), moderate exercise, the body of body fat, blood fat consumption the most efficient. Monascus with statin drugs at the same time not to eat Yang Ju said that the health food market range, the proposal must be selective scientific testing, certification of health food products, however Physicians agreed that could be confirmed after the cholesterol-lowering health care products, to a certain extent help reduce cholesterol values can be improved slightly abnormal , But it does not completely replace drugs as well as other diet, exercise, particularly during unusually severe, medication on a regular basis still need to check. Huang reminded smoked, health food to eat smart, eat some more could be possible side effects, such as purification over the Monascus health food, and the statin class of medicines similar to, if they eat cholesterol-lowering drugs, eat red rice and red capsule, Can lead to liver and kidney damage and even lead to rhabdomyolysis. Cholesterol, you know it's normal The normal value for the total cholesterol 200mg/dl, and the bad LDL cholesterol no more than 130mg/dl, good HDL cholesterol than men should be 40mg/dl, girls should be more than 50mg/dl. However, diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking and at the same time, high cholesterol, Kang Hong-ming suggested that a moderate change of control of cholesterol goals, such as have occurred in patients with myocardial infarction must be more stringent, by trying to drugs, diet, exercise, Cholesterol dropped to 100mg/dl. Diabetes is suggested that the cholesterol goals set at 130mg/dl, high cholesterol in patients with no risk factors if they want to stop, you must diet, exercise control, to reach the target between 130 to 160mg/dl. 2008-09-20 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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