拒絕妊娠紋 凡士林便宜又好用Renshen Wen refused to cheap and easy to use Vaseline

拒絕妊娠紋 凡士林便宜又好用 醫師建議孕婦少用有香味的保養品，如果要用，可用便宜又安全的凡士林。 �� ●研究發現，擦了香味太濃的妊娠紋霜，可能影響胎兒健康，孕婦該如何減少肚皮上的妊娠紋呢？台灣大學附設醫院皮膚科主治醫師蔡呈芳表示，油性保養品都可以使用，因為油性產品不太會添加防腐劑、穩定劑，而便宜的凡士林就是不錯的肚皮保養品。 蔡呈芳指出，許多化妝品都添加環境荷爾蒙，最常見的就是一種名為PABA的防腐劑，腫瘤科醫師在乳癌組織內，就曾發現過這類防腐劑成分。 孕婦最好少用化妝品 由於青春期少女體內的女性荷爾蒙分泌濃度還不穩定，蔡呈芳強烈建議，小女生們最好少用化妝品。懷孕女性最好也是少用為妙，不要為了貪圖一時的好看，而讓造成了寶寶一輩子的遺憾。 至於孕婦該用哪一種保養品，才會安心呢？蔡呈芳指出，一般油性保養品比較不會添加防腐劑、安定劑。質地屬於不透明的油性保養品，都比要安全一點。 親水性保養品則成分較稀，看起來透明，為了讓品質穩定一點，部分產品就會添加防腐劑、穩定劑，一般女性用了倒是無妨，但懷孕女性則最好少用。 蔡呈芳認為，油性的凡士林就非常適合用來當妊娠紋霜，具有高度保濕性，非常滋潤。塗抹之後，適度按摩肚皮，也可以達到預防妊娠紋出現的效果。 皮膚有紋路 與體質有關 不過，林口長庚醫院皮膚科主治醫師黃耀立認為：「妊娠紋幾乎沒得救。」他表示，妊娠紋、成長紋、肥胖紋等紋路的形成，都屬於同樣的機轉機轉，皮膚在短時間內被拉扯，皮下纖維扯斷，形成了一道道平行的紋路。 一般來說，成長紋就出現在大腿內部、膝蓋附近，而肥胖紋則會長在腰部，妊娠紋則是出現在肚皮上，有人體質就是不會長這些大條皺紋，但有些人卻長得很明顯。 黃耀立指出，這類紋路與體質有關，盡管整形外科以脈衝光、染料雷射等手術來消除剛生成的紅色妊娠紋，以飛梭雷射來消除白色妊娠紋，但效果有限。 黃耀立表示，手術的效果有限，塗抹保養品，也不一定保證妊娠紋就不會長出來，全然都得看自己體質。（李樹人） 2008-11-23 Renshen Wen refused to cheap and easy to use Vaseline Physicians recommends that pregnant women with little flavor of skin care products, if they can be cheap and safe Vaseline. ● The study found that too strong smell of rubbing a cream Renshen Wen, may affect fetal health, pregnant women on how to reduce the belly of this Renshen Wen? National Taiwan University Hospital dermatologist physician Tsen-Fang Tsai said that the oily skin care products can be used as oil-based products will be unlikely to add preservatives, stabilizers, and cheap is good belly Vaseline skin care products. Tsen-Fang Tsai pointed out that many cosmetic products have added environmental hormones, the most common is called the PABA preservatives, general practitioner in the breast tumor tissue, was found in preservatives such components. Pregnant women the best use of cosmetics As the adolescent girls of the female hormone secretion in the body concentration is not stable, Tsai-fang was strongly suggested that girls are the best use of cosmetics. Pregnant women is the best use of the best, not for the sake of short-term good-looking, and let the baby caused by a lifetime of regret. As for the pregnant women with skin care products which will then feel at ease? Tsen-Fang Tsai pointed out that compared with oily skin will not add preservatives, stabilizers. Oily texture belonging to the non-transparent skin care products, to be safe than that. Hydrophilic care products are relatively rare component, seem transparent, in order to allow consistent quality, some of the products will be added preservatives, stabilizers, with the general female was tolerated, but pregnant women are the best use of. Cai Fang was of the view that the oil is very suitable for Vaseline when Renshen Wen cream, with a high degree of moisture, very nourishing. Smear, a moderate belly massage, or to prevent emergence of Renshen Wen. There are lines of skin and body-related However, the Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital dermatologist physician Huangyao Li said: "Renshen Wen little saved." He said that Renshen Wen, the growth pattern, the pattern of obesity, such as the formation of lines, all belong to the same plane to turn for the better, skin in a short period of time Have been pulled, the fibers break the skin, forming a parallel to the grain Road. In general, the growth pattern appeared in the internal thigh, near the knee, and the pattern of obesity is the president of the waist, Renshen Wen is in the belly, the body was that these will not be long lines, some people have looked Obvious. Huangyao Li pointed out that such patterns of physical and, despite plastic surgery to intense pulsed light, laser dyes, such as surgery to remove just the generation of red Renshen Wen, in order to eliminate white laser Shuttle Renshen Wen, but with limited effect. Huangyao Li said that the effect of surgery is limited, applying skin care products, does not necessarily guarantee that no Renshen Wen president, had to look at their total body mass. (Li), 2008-11-23 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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唇邊皺紋深肉毒桿菌可改善 Lips deep wrinkles Botox can be improved

唇邊皺紋深肉毒桿菌可改善 【施靜茹）】問：我的唇邊皺紋很深，而且隨著年紀增長，愈來愈明顯，看起來很老氣，請問有什麼方式可以改善嗎？ 答：整形外科有一個治療項目，即唇紋治療。其實，日本宮崎駿動畫電影「神隱少女」，裡面有個人物「湯婆婆」，雙唇也布滿皺紋。 會產生唇紋，主要原因是老化，或者習慣性抿嘴，也容易出現「湯婆婆嘴」。 通常可以用患者自體脂肪，注射在皺紋部位，再配合肉毒桿菌，阻斷神經通路作用；或直接注射肉毒桿菌，讓患者減少皺紋產生，但一樣也是一段時間就得再注射。 問：聽說唇色太深可漂白，是真的嗎？效果如何呢？有人有漂過嗎？ 答：坊間有標榜紋唇，或用漂白的方式改變唇形或唇色，方法有些類似刺青，都是用顏料和器械操作。 不過，醫師提醒，這類紋唇操作者技術如何，及器材消毒問題，甚至弄上去的顏色，是否會像紋眉一樣，日後後悔，都值得事先考量及評估。 問：因為出過車禍，下嘴唇會往右下斜，看過醫師，說應該是車禍後的肌肉問題，過一陣子就會恢復原狀。後來去看第二位醫師，說可能車禍傷到顏面神經，建議去復健科復健，復健後好像比較不斜了，但下嘴唇有點往外翻，該怎麼辦？ 答：顏面傷殘重建，也是整形外科醫師訓練階段必學的本事之一，對於因外傷而引起的嘴歪，在傷口治療後，會先請患者發出「依、啊、嗚」聲音，看其控制神經、肌肉是否順暢，有時可能是外傷疤痕引起的嘴歪。 如果沒有傷口疤痕，而嘴歪在嘴角外，可借助復健科的電刺激治療，有時候能獲改善；但如果是歪斜在嘴角內，已屬神經末端，復健的效果有限，就可能要等待時間，看能否慢慢恢復。 （醫療諮詢：台灣開業整形外科醫師李久恆、曾繁穎） 2008-11-23 Lips deep wrinkles Botox can be improved 【Shi Jing-Ru)】 Q: My lips deep wrinkles, but as they age, more and more obvious that the Lao Qi seems, are there any ways to improve it? A: plastic surgery to have a treatment, that is, the treatment of Chun Wen. In fact, the Japanese animation Hayao Miyazaki film "Spirited Away", there are individual objects, "Tang mother-in-law," lips are full of wrinkles. Chun Wen will have, mainly due to aging or customary Minzui also prone to "mother-in-law Tom mouth." Patients usually can be autologous fat, wrinkles at the site of injection, together with Clostridium botulinum, the role of blocking nerve channels; or direct injection of botulinum, so that patients have to reduce wrinkles, but you also have to re-injection for a period of time. Q: I heard that too Chunse can bleach, is that true? How effective is it? Some people have floated over it? A: There are patterns itself lip, or bleach to change the way lips Chun Se or, in some ways similar to the tattoos, all with color and equipment operation. However, doctors advise that this type of pattern lip technical operator, and disinfection equipment, and even get up the color, whether as Eyebrow, regret in the future, are worthy of consideration and evaluation in advance. Q: have a car accident because, under the lips will be under the right oblique, saw a doctor, said after the accident should be a muscle problem, will be a time of restitution. Then look at the second doctor, said that the accident may have facial nerve injury to the proposed rehabilitation to rehabilitation, rehabilitation after less like a ramp, but turned out a little bit under the lips, how to do that? A: The facial reconstruction of the disabled are also plastic surgeons phase of the training will learn the skills, as a result of the trauma caused by distortion of the mouth, in the treatment of wounds, patients will first call upon the issue "in accordance with, ah, Ming," the voice, see To control its nerves, smooth muscle, it may sometimes be caused by traumatic scar mouth askew. If there is no scar on the wound, and the mouth askew in the mouth, can take advantage of the rehabilitation of the electrical stimulation treatment can sometimes be improved; but if it is askew in the mouth, already nervous at the end, the effect of rehabilitation is limited, may have to Waiting time to see whether to resume slowly. (Medical Advisory: Taiwan business for a long time plastic surgeons Li Heng, Feng-Yin Tseng) 2008-11-23 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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擦口紅前 先上護唇膏Rub lipstick, lip balm before

擦口紅前 先上護唇膏 【本報訊】台北醫學大學附醫美容中心主任王國憲指出，唇部皮膚較薄，平常應多注意保養，即使唇形不盡完美，也能看起來水嫩光澤。 許多女人每天都會抹口紅，五顏六色的口紅，常內含化學成分，每天回家後，應用卸妝油仔細將口紅拭乾淨，方向是從嘴角往內擦拭，免得化學物質沉澱，產生唇紋，唇色會愈來愈黯淡。 嘴唇也像皮膚一樣，久了角質層變厚，尤其乾燥的冬季來臨，有人甚至唇部會脫皮，看起來乾燥沒有生氣。王國憲表示，其實只要在晚上卸妝後，用熱毛巾敷嘴唇幾分鐘，軟化唇部皮膚，有助於去除死皮。 如果唇部脫皮嚴重，可選擇唇部去角質霜，用手微推按摩，也能讓死皮有如秋冬的落葉，掉落乾淨，接著再擦護唇膏即可。 平常塗口紅前，不妨先擦一層護唇膏，比較能保護櫻唇不受外界灰塵或口紅化學成分的傷害。 2008-11-23 Rub lipstick, lip balm before By-laws Taipei Medical University Medical Center, director of the beauty of the Kingdom of the constitution that the lips thinner skin, normal maintenance should be spending more, even if the lips are not perfect, it can look shiny MOISTURE. Many women wiped lipstick on a daily basis, lipstick colorful, often containing the chemical constituents of a day to go home after the oil carefully applied make-up remover to wipe clean lipstick, the direction from the mouth to clean inside, so the chemical precipitation, resulting in Chunwen, Chun Se will be more and more bleak. Lips, like skin, the stratum corneum thickening for a long time, especially dry winter, and even some people will be peeling lips, dry did not seem angry. Constitution of the Kingdom of that, in fact, as long as the make-up remover at night, hot enough towels for a few minutes lips, lips to soften the skin, helps remove dead skin. If severe peeling lips, choose to scrub lip cream, hand-push micro-massage, and also help the fallen leaves of autumn and winter like dead skin, clean fall and then you can rub lip balm. Usual lipstick, may wish to rub a layer of lip balm, compared to the protection of Yingchun dust from the outside world or lipstick chemical composition of the injury. 2008-11-23 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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夢遊 原來是…血糖太低sleepwalking is too low blood sugar ...

他半夜夢遊 原來是…血糖太低 【李樹人】血糖要是降得太低，可能導致夢遊！一名罹患糖尿病的中年男子最近半夜起床，在屋內沒有意識地走動，嚇壞了家人，最後找到原因，原來是因服用傳統降血糖藥物，造成血糖降太低，才會造成半夜夢遊。 糖尿病專科醫師游新表示，控制血糖是治療糖尿病患者的主要目的，有些患者服用傳統降血糖藥物之後，因為東西吃太少，加上藥效發揮，胰島素不停地分泌，以致出現頭暈、發抖、神智不清，甚至夢遊等症狀。 「好餓！」游新表示，有人血糖太低時，會出現極餓的情況，拼了命，都想吃東西，或是餓到發暈。就算在睡覺，也會被餓醒，一定要立刻吃東西，否則大喊大叫，宛如喪失理智。 該名夢遊的中年糖尿病患者，平常服藥情況正常，血糖也控制得不錯，最近好幾次在夜裡出現夢遊，睡到一半，突然爬起來，到處走動，太太叫半天，也相應不理，病患根本不曉得自己晚上會沒有意識地趴趴走。 由於擔心夢遊可能危及健康，該名患者到神經科就診，接受了腦波檢查，結果正常，找不出原因。幾天後，他突然暈倒，被送至急診室，才發現原來血糖太低，血糖值只有16mg/dL。 游新表示，正常人飯前血糖值(mg/dL)約在40、50至90附近，16實在太低了，白天可能還沒有異狀，到了晚上，體內血糖太低，才會導致患者夢遊，嚇壞了家人，在換藥之後，血糖不再偏低，就不再夢遊了。 游新指出，近10年來，降血糖藥物的研發相當快速，新一代的口服降血糖藥物「DPP-4抑制劑」，一天服用一顆，可以幫助延長腸道荷爾蒙停留在體內作用時間，強化身體自身血糖調節能力，病患接受度高。雖然目前健保還沒給付，需自費，卻是第2型糖尿病病患的治療新福音。 游新認為，治療糖尿病需要一個良好的醫療團隊，包括醫師、護士、衛教師、營養師等成員，都要有耐心地給予病人正確的衛教觀念；病患用藥後，如果產生副作用，醫療團隊應提供協助，必要時調整用藥，如此才能幫助病人獲得最妥善的照護。 2008-11-24 The middle of the night he was sleepwalking is too low blood sugar ... Li】 【people if blood sugar dropped too low, could cause sleepwalking! A middle-aged man suffering from diabetes to get up the middle of the night recently, in the sense not to move about the house, terrified families, the last to find the reasons for that is a result of taking the traditional hypoglycemic drug, resulting in lowering blood sugar too low, giving rise to the middle of the night sleepwalking . Tour the new diabetes specialist, said the treatment is to control blood sugar in diabetic patients with the main purpose of some patients with traditional hypoglycemic drugs, because too little food, and efficacy to play, keep on insulin secretion, resulting in dizziness, trembling Unconscious, or even symptoms such as sleepwalking. "Hao E!" Said the new tour, it was too low blood sugar, there will be very hungry, Pin Leming, all want to eat something, to feel dizzy or hungry. Even in sleep, wake up will be hungry, to eat at once, or yelling, just like the loss of reason. The sleepwalking middle-aged patients with diabetes, medication usually normal circumstances, a good control of blood sugar also recently appeared several times at night in sleepwalking, sleep half of all of a sudden get up and walk around, called his wife a half-day, and ignored, Patients simply do not know their own sense of the evening will not have to Papa Zou. Sleepwalking fear may endanger the health of the patients to the neurology clinic, accepted the check brain waves, resulting in normal, can not find the reason. A few days later, he suddenly collapsed and was sent to the emergency room, it was found that low blood sugar, blood sugar level only 16mg/dL. Yu said the new, normal glucose value (mg / dL) in their forties and fifties to about 90 in the vicinity, 16 is just too small to Yizhuang during the day may not have come at night, low blood sugar in the body, patients will lead to Sleepwalking, terrified families, in the dressing, not low blood sugar, it is no longer a sleepwalking. Yu pointed out that the new, the past 10 years, hypoglycemic drug R & D very quickly, a new generation of oral hypoglycemic agents "DPP-4 inhibitor", to take a day to help extend the stay of intestinal hormones in the body time to strengthen The body's own ability to regulate blood sugar, high patient acceptance. Although no health insurance payments, to be at their own expense, but it was the first type 2 diabetes patients with the treatment of the new gospel. The new tour of the view that the treatment of diabetes need a good medical team, including doctors, nurses, health teachers, nutritionists, and other members should have the patience to give patients the right to education concepts; patient medication, if the side effects, medical Team should provide assistance, if necessary, adjust the medication, so in order to help patients get the best care. 2008-11-24 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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寶寶喝母乳 肺部較健康Baby to drink breast milk than healthy lung

寶寶喝母乳 肺部較健康 【本報綜合報導】英國一項研究發現，喝母乳的寶寶在童年時期肺部較健康。原因可能是吸吮的動作能增加肺活量，加上餵哺母乳的時間通常較奶瓶喝奶更長。英研究團隊已著手研發模仿母乳設計的奶瓶。 這項研究針對英國懷特島1456名10歲大的孩童為對象，這項觀察持續到他們10歲。其中三分之一的研究對象喝母乳的時間至少長達四個月。研究結果發現，這些孩子在深呼吸之後，能以較快的速度吐出較多空氣，證明他們肺部功能較良好。 研究已證實，餵母乳能讓寶寶在童年初期避免罹患呼吸器官的疾病，但和童年後期的肺部健康狀況沒有太大關聯。 根據胸腔醫學期刊（Thorax）表示，部分原因是因為吸吮的動作能增加肺活量，加上餵哺母乳的時間通常比用奶瓶喝奶更長。 英國研究團隊則認為，改變奶瓶的設計，也許也能夠達到這種效果。 位於懷德島的大衛海德氣喘與過敏研究中心阿薛德（Syed Arshad）醫師表示，「這些寶寶從事的行為，就像我們建議年紀較大的病人進行的肺部復健動作一樣。」 平均而言，吸母乳的力量是吸奶瓶力量的三倍，且吸取母乳的時間較長。 阿薛德表示，研究團隊正與奶瓶製造業者進行一項模仿餵哺母乳的奶瓶設計。他表示，「沒有人能懷疑母乳對孩童的好處，但現在我們也許能為那些無法親自餵哺母乳的婦女，設計一款相仿的奶瓶。」 2008-11-24 Baby to drink breast milk than healthy lung NEW YORK】 reports of a British study found that drinking breast milk in the baby's childhood than the health of the lungs. May be due to the sucking action to increase lung capacity, together with the breast-feeding time is usually longer than the milk bottle. British research team has begun research and development designed to mimic breast milk bottle. The study for the British Isle of Wight 1456 10-year-old children are targeted, this observation until they are 10 years old. One third of the subjects drank milk at least as long as four months. The results found that these children are in a deep breath, in order to be able to quickly spit out more air speed to prove that they are better lung function. Research has confirmed that breast-fed babies can be avoided in early childhood, suffering from respiratory diseases, but the latter part of his childhood and the health of the lungs do not have much relevance. According to the Journal of Thoracic Medicine (Thorax) said, in part because of the sucking action to increase lung capacity, together with the breast-feeding time is usually longer than milk bottle. UK research team believes that changes in the design of the bottle, may also be able to achieve this effect. David Wilder is located in the island's Hyde asthma and allergy research center Xue Afghanistan (Syed Arshad) doctor said that the "baby acts, as we suggest that older patients with pulmonary rehabilitation moves like." On average, breast-suction force of the suction bottle is three times the force and draw breast milk for a longer time. Ah Xue said that the research team is working with manufacturers to carry out a bottle to imitate the breast-feeding bottle design. He said that "no one can doubt the benefits of breast-feeding for children, but now we may be able personally to those who can not breast-feeding women, a design similar to that of the bottle." 2008-11-24 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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運動量大 降低乳癌風險Large amount of exercise reduce the risk of breast cancer

運動量大 降低乳癌風險 健美操等運動量大的活動，可提高身體機能，增強身體免疫力，降低患乳癌的風險。 【新華網】美國的一項新研究顯示，體重正常的停經婦女多進行大運動量鍛鍊，可使其患乳癌的風險降低約30%。 這是美國國家癌症研究所的科研人員在對3萬多名停經婦女進行11年跟蹤研究後得出的結論。研究人員說，大運動量鍛鍊既包括快走、打網球、跳健美操、在野外騎自行車和跳舞等體育活動，也包括擦洗地板和擦窗戶等家務活。 研究者撰文說，大運動量鍛鍊僅對體重正常的婦女產生效果，而對那些體重超重的婦女效果不明顯，因為體重超重增加婦女罹患乳癌的風險。此外，「非劇烈運動」對預防乳癌沒有效果，這些「非劇烈運動」包括使用吸塵器、洗衣服、散步、遠足、慢跑和打保齡球等。 研究人員認為，大運動量鍛鍊能提高人的身體機能，增強身體免疫力，減少致癌因素並避免慢性炎症，從而降低了患乳癌的風險。這項研究成果刊登在最新一期美國「乳腺癌研究」雜誌上。 偏頭痛女性 乳癌機率小 此外，美國研究人員說，有偏頭痛病史的女性患乳癌機率比沒有偏頭痛者低30％左右，這可能與這些女性體內的荷爾蒙水平有關。 這一研究由美國西雅圖佛雷德‧哈欽森癌症研究中心教授克里斯托福‧李主導。這一研究首次將偏頭痛和乳癌患病率聯繫起來。 研究人員研究了西雅圖地區3412名已停經女性，其中1938人曾被診斷出患有乳癌，其餘1474人則沒有乳癌病史。這些女性都回答了有關自己是否有偏頭痛病史的問題。 李說：「我們發現，總體來說，有偏頭痛病史的女性比沒有這項病史的女性患乳癌的機率低30％。」 儘管研究人員沒有找到為何患偏頭痛女性不易得乳癌的原因，但指出這些女性體內的荷爾蒙水平可能是關鍵因素。 因為一般情況下，乳癌由女性體內的荷爾蒙誘發，例如雌激素和黃體酮等。而患偏頭痛的女性體內荷爾蒙水平一般較低。 這項研究結果發表在最新一期「癌症流行病學、生物標誌和預防」雜誌上。根據美國癌症學會統計，全球每年約有46萬5000名女性死於乳癌。 2008-11-20 Large amount of exercise reduce the risk of breast cancer Large amount of exercise such as aerobics, to improve bodily functions and strengthen the body immune system and reduce the risk of breast cancer. 【Xinhuanet the United States, a new study shows that normal weight-menopausal women for more hard training, so that it can reduce the risk of breast cancer by about 30%. This is the U.S. National Cancer Institute researchers in more than 30,000 post-menopausal women 11 years of follow-up study concluded. The researchers said that the major training exercise includes brisk walking, tennis, dance aerobics, cycling and field sports activities such as dance, but also scrubbed the floor and Cachuang Hu, and other household chores. Researchers said the author, the training exercise only of normal weight women have an effect, and those who were overweight women was not obvious effect, because overweight women increased the risk of breast cancer. In addition, the "non-violent movement" was not effective in preventing breast cancer, these "non-violent movement," including the use of vacuum cleaners, washing clothes, walking, hiking, jogging and bowling and so on. The researchers believe that the large amount of exercise training can improve the functional ability of people to enhance the body immunity, reduce cancer-causing factors and to avoid chronic inflammation, thus reducing the risk of breast cancer. The study results published in the latest issue of the United States, "Breast Cancer Research" magazine. Migraine small chance of breast cancer in women In addition, U.S. researchers said there is a history of migraine women suffering from breast cancer than those without migraine chances are low at around 30%, which may be related to those in the body of the female hormone level. The study by the United States ‧ Seattle Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Professor Christopher Lee ‧ lead. The study will be the first time, migraine and linked to the prevalence of breast cancer. The researchers studied the Seattle area 3412, it has been suspended by the women, of which 1938 people have been diagnosed with breast cancer, the rest of 1474 were no history of breast cancer. These women have answered the question about whether they have a history of migraine. Lee said: "We found that overall, there is a history of migraine than those without the history of women's chances of women suffering from breast cancer by 30%." Although the researchers did not find why women suffer from migraine difficult to get breast cancer, but pointed out that these women are the body's hormone levels may be the key factor. Because under normal circumstances, the body of the female breast cancer by hormone-induced, such as estrogen and progesterone, and so on. The women suffer from migraine generally low level of hormones in the body. The study results were published in the latest issue of "Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention" magazine. According to the American Cancer Society statistics, every year about 465,000 women died of breast cancer. 2008-11-20 | View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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遠離心血管病 趁早減肥Stay away from cardiovascular disease as early as possible to lose weight

遠離心血管病 趁早減肥 從小胖到大 風險高 【中央社】台灣一項研究指出，小胖子大約有3成罹患脂肪肝；從小胖到大的年輕人，心血管疾病的罹病風險是同輩的4.6倍。學者認為，小孩白白胖胖固然可愛，但為了長遠健康，減肥還是要趁早，只要回復正常體重，生理機能就可以回復正常。 根據台灣大學公共衛生學院、台大醫院內、兒科及中國醫藥大學公共衛生學院日前發表在台灣聯合醫學會學術研討會論文指出，兒童、青少年時期及目前的肥胖，都會提高罹患心血管疾病的風險，尤其是從小胖到大的年輕人，風險最高。 台大醫院心臟內科主治醫師蘇大成指出，這項研究在2006到2008年追蹤791位21歲年輕人，回溯他們過去8年的體重，其中78位目前肥胖，98位體重過重，所有人測血壓、血糖、血脂、原脂蛋白分布、胰島素阻抗性，也以超音波測量頸動脈內皮與中皮厚度，結果顯示，愈胖的人，罹患心血管疾病風險愈高。 蘇大成說，頸動脈內皮及中皮的厚度，可以用來評估心血管的功能，而持續肥胖的年輕人，前期動脈硬化的風險比同輩高出4.6倍；但值得一提的是，如果小時候胖，長大不胖，各項心血管疾病及前期動脈硬化的風險都不會增加。 另一份相關研究則顯示，台灣地區肥胖兒童的非酒精性脂肪肝盛行率約3成，幸運的是小胖子只要減肥、運動、控制飲食，脂肪肝的症狀就會消失，不至於要靠藥物治療，但若持續肥胖及脂肪肝，就會增加肝硬化的危險。 台大醫院副院長王主科表示，兒童青少年肥胖非福，許多成年人的疾病會提早出現在小胖子上，但是小胖子只要減肥有成，比大人擁有更大的空間回復正常的心血管功能。 2008-11-20 Stay away from cardiovascular disease as early as possible to lose weight Xiao Pang from the big high-risk 【Taiwan's Central News Agency to a research study, designed for overweight children into about 3 fatty liver cancer; Xiao Pang from the large young man, cardiovascular disease risk was 4.6 times that of their peers. Scholars believe that the child Baibaipanpan lovely, of course, but in order to the long-term health, weight loss or as early as possible, as long as normal weight, physical condition will be able to return to normal. According to the National Taiwan University School of Public Health, National Taiwan University Hospital, pediatric medicine and the Chinese University School of Public Health published the other day in Taiwan, the United Medical Association pointed out that the symposium papers, children, young people and the period of the current obesity will increase the risk of cardiovascular disease Risk, particularly to large Xiao Pang from the young people most at risk. National Taiwan University Hospital internal medicine physician at the heart of the Soviet Union Dacheng pointed out that the study in the 2006-2008 year follow-791 21-year-old young man, back in the past 8 years of their body weight, of which 78 currently obese, 98 overweight, measure of all Blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipid, lipoprotein distribution of the original, insulin resistance, but also to ultrasound measurement of carotid artery endothelial and in the thickness of skin, the results showed that the more fat, the higher the risk of cardiovascular disease. Da-Cheng Su said that in the carotid artery endothelium and the thickness of the skin can be used to assess the cardiovascular function, and obesity continue to young people, the risk of early atherosclerosis than 4.6 times higher than their peers; but it is worth mentioning that, if a child Fat, fat does not grow, the early atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk will not increase. Another study showed that obese children in Taiwan's non-alcoholic fatty liver prevalence rate of about 3 as lucky as long as it is designed for overweight children to lose weight, exercise, diet, fatty liver symptoms will disappear, do not rely on drugs Treatment, but continued to obesity and fatty liver, increases the risk of liver cirrhosis. Wang, vice president of the National Taiwan University Hospital said that the major subject, non-obese children and adolescents fu, and many adult diseases at an early stage in the small fat man, but as long as weight loss success designed for overweight children than adults have more room to get on with their cardiovascular function. 2008-11-20 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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女性睡不到6小時 乳癌風險多6成Women sleep less than 6 hours more than 6 into breast cancer risk

女性睡不到6小時 乳癌風險多6成 【中央社】英國「每日郵報」報導，每天睡眠不足6小時的女性，罹患乳癌的風險將會增加超過60%。 這篇發表在「英國癌症期刊」的研究報告說，蠟燭兩頭燒的人，會大大提高罹患可能致命腫瘤的機率。 科學家相信，睡眠不正常會擾亂身體分泌攸關重要荷爾蒙「褪黑激素」，這種荷爾蒙在預防癌症上扮演重要角色。 日本科學家追蹤將近2萬4000名婦女的生活習慣長達8年，他們的研究結果，提供截至目前為止的最強有力證據，證明獲得充足睡眠，攸關預防乳房腫瘤。 研究人員發現，相較於睡足7小時者，每晚僅睡6小時或不足6小時的女性，罹患乳癌的機率高出62%。 平均每晚睡9小時的女性，罹患腫瘤的風險則下滑28%。 領導這項研究的柿崎真沙子說：「我們發現睡眠時間和癌症之間關係很密切。只睡6小時或不足6小時的人，罹癌風險明顯增高。」 人類睡覺時，大腦會分泌褪黑激素來調節生理時鐘，研究人員懷疑，這種荷爾蒙藉由控制雌激素的分泌量，在預防乳癌上扮演重要角色。目前已知不少乳癌的形成都跟雌激素有關。 位於日本仙台的東北大學醫學研究所科學家，針對參與健康與生活習慣調查的年齡介於40到79歲婦女的調查資料展開研究，這項調查包括詢問睡眠時間在內。 在長達8年追蹤調查期間，有143名受訪者被診斷出罹患乳癌。 研究人員分析罹癌對象的睡眠習慣時，發現睡得太晚、起得太早，都有很大影響。 報導引述英國癌症研究中心表示，越來越多研究報告指向睡眠不足和癌症有關聯。 該中心科學資訊主任史考克羅表示：「目前的證據顯示，睡眠和工作模式有可能在乳癌風險上略有影響。」 他說：「但相較於諸如體重、運動和飲酒習慣等已知生活習慣風險，這種影響的重要性目前尚言之過早。」 2008-11-20 Women sleep less than 6 hours more than 6 into breast cancer risk Britain】 【Central News Agency, "Daily Mail" reported that less than 6 hours of sleep a day of the women, the risk of breast cancer will increase by over 60%. This published in the "British Journal of Cancer," the report said, burning the candle at both ends, will raise the level of suffering from potentially fatal risk of cancer. Scientists believe that sleep will not disrupt normal body secretion of hormones important at stake, "melatonin", the hormones in cancer prevention play an important role. Japanese scientists tracking nearly 24,000 women for up to 8 years of life, their findings so far provided the strongest evidence that adequate sleep, and death to prevent breast tumors. The researchers found that compared to Shuizu 7 hours, 6 hours sleep per night only, or less than 6 hours of a woman's risk of breast cancer than 62%. An average of 9 hours of sleep each night a woman's risk of developing tumors were down 28%. The study of the leading real sand Kakizaki said: "We found that sleep time between cancer and a very close relationship. 6 hours sleep a night, or less than 6 hours, significantly increased risk of cancer." Human sleep, the brain will secrete melatonin to regulate the biological clock, researchers suspected that such control by hormone estrogen secretion, in the prevention of breast cancer play an important role. At present, many of the known breast cancer related to the formation of estrogen-related. At Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan's Institute of Medicine scientists for participation in health and lifestyle survey between the ages of 40-79 years old women, the study data, the survey asked, including sleep time. During the 8-year follow-up survey, 143 respondents was diagnosed with breast cancer. The researchers analyzed the sleep habits of the target cancer and found sleep too late, starting too early, people will have a significant impact. The report quoted the British Cancer Research Center, said that an increasing number of studies point to lack of sleep and associated cancer. The director of the Center for Science Information Brent Scowcroft, said: "The current evidence suggests that sleep and work patterns may have a slight impact on breast cancer risk." He said: "However, as compared to body weight, physical activity and drinking habits, and other known risk lifestyle, the importance of this influence is still too early to say." 2008-11-20 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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降低血脂 減少心血管病風險Lipid lowering to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease

降低血脂 減少心血管病風險 【劉惠敏】美國心臟協會年會（AHA）於美國紐奧良舉行，歷時5年的「木星（JUPITER）」研究日前正式發表，針對膽固醇正常，但高敏感C反應蛋白（hs-CRP）持續過高的50歲以上男性、60歲以上女性，若給予司達汀類（Statin）降血脂藥，可以有效減低心血管疾病風險。 「木星（JUPITER）」由美國布里根婦女醫院心臟學者瑞德克（ Ridker）主持，從2003年起至今年3月，研究結果已發表於新英格蘭醫學期刊，是一項橫跨26國，研究對象達17802人的雙盲臨床試驗。 CRP以2為正常數值，研究針對男性50歲以上、女性60歲以上，膽固醇數值正常，但CRP值達4.2者，持續使用降血脂藥Rosuvastatin，每天20毫克，對比服用安慰劑組，可降低低密度膽固醇（LDL，俗稱壞膽固醇）數值，並減少心臟病、中風、心血管疾病致死風險達47%，總死亡率更減少20%。 美國每年有一百萬人死於心血管疾病，醫界過去證實LDL低1%，引發動脈粥狀硬化、阻塞，導致心血管疾病的風險亦降低1%。 瑞德克等學者發現，減少心血管疾病風險，除降低膽固醇，也須減少與發炎有關的CRP濃度，近年研究發現膽固醇在正常範圍，但CRP偏高者亦可能引發心血管疾病，CRP最高族群相較最低族群，罹患心血管疾病危險性高出2到4倍。 AHA主席葛登（Gardner）表示，AHA已於2003年將CRP列為血管發炎、心血管疾病相關指標。，而「木星」研究顯示司達汀藥物同時減低壞膽固醇以及CRP，此研究也再次肯定這一點。參與AHA年會的馬偕醫院心臟科主任侯嘉殷表示，「木星」證實CRP將從「參考指標」成為心血管疾病的危險因子之一，與抽菸、高血壓、膽固醇同為初級預防必須嚴格控管的因素。 台灣陽明大學內科教授江晨恩指出，司達汀類藥物可能的副作用包括惡心、便秘、腹痛、肌痛、無力，研究對象皆有嚴格監控副作用，一般服用司達汀藥物者，仍應定期檢測肌肉痠痛、肝功能等，出現副作用須換藥。 2008-11-19 Lipid lowering to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease LIU Hui-min】 【annual meeting of the American Heart Association (AHA) held in New Orleans in the United States, five years of "Jupiter (JUPITER)" an official study published a few days ago, against the normal cholesterol but high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) have continued High above the 50-year-old men, women over the age of 60, if the Secretary to grant class of statin (Statin) lowering drugs can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. "Jupiter (JUPITER)" by the Reagan cloth and Women's Hospital heart scholar Rui Deke (Ridker) chaired from 2003 until March of this year, the results have been published in the New England Journal of Medicine, is a 26 across the country, research Object-up to 17,802 people, double-blind clinical trials. CRP as the normal figure of 2 to study for men over the age of 50, women over the age of 60, normal cholesterol value, but the CRP value of 4.2, the continued use of lowering drug Rosuvastatin, a daily 20 mg, compared to placebo group, to reduce Low-density cholesterol (LDL, so-called bad cholesterol) values, and to reduce heart disease, stroke and cardiovascular disease mortality risk of 47% of the total mortality rate decreased by 20%. The United States each year one million people die of cardiovascular disease, the medical community in the past confirmed that 1% lower LDL, and cause atherosclerosis, blocking, leading to cardiovascular disease also reduce the risk of 1%. Rui Deke, and other scholars have found to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, in addition to lowering cholesterol, but also reduce inflammation and the concentration of CRP, recent study found that cholesterol in the normal range, but high CRP may also lead to cardiovascular disease, CRP highest Ethnic groups compared to the minimum, the risk of suffering from cardiovascular disease than 2-4 times. President of the AHA Gedeng (Gardner) said, AHA 2003 will be classified as CRP vascular inflammation, cardiovascular disease-related targets. And the "Jupiter" studies have shown that statin drug at the same time reduce the Secretary bad cholesterol and CRP, the study also reaffirmed that. AHA to participate in the annual meeting of the Mackay Memorial Hospital cardiology director of the Jia-Yin Hou said that the "Jupiter" from the CRP confirmed that the "reference" has become a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and smoking, high blood pressure, cholesterol and for primary prevention must be strictly controlled . Taiwan's Yang Ming University professor of internal medicine Chern-En Chiang pointed out that the Secretary statin drugs side effects may include nausea, constipation, abdominal pain, myalgia, weakness, the study have strict monitoring side effects, the Secretary General to take statin drugs on a regular basis should detect muscle Pain, liver function, and so on, appear to be side-dressing. 2008-11-19 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper.

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保護攝護腺 別憋尿Protection of the prostate do not Bieniao

保護攝護腺 別憋尿 【徐谷楨】上了年紀的男性，可能排尿時尿流變慢、尿柱變小，要等久一點才會尿完；尿到最後還會滴滴答答無法很乾脆地結束，或是尿完不久又會想再尿一次；晚上起床數次，尤其是冬天的夜裡，床都還沒睡暖，又起床尿尿，影響生活品質。 這可能就是攝護腺的問題，好發於男性「五十而知天命」的年紀，屬於典型的長壽病。病人因為攝護腺肥大，壓迫到尿道，因此排尿很慢，也有人可能發生膀胱結石、血尿，嚴重的話還會因為沒注意導致腎功能變差，最後甚至要洗腎。 根據統計，50幾歲的男性約有35%到50%攝護腺肥大，隨著年齡升高，比率也愈高，到了70歲或80歲，大概八成的男性有這種現象。 台大醫院泌尿科醫師闕士傑提醒，上班時間雖然忙，也不要輕易憋尿，假設腎功能恰巧不好，憋尿將加速腎衰竭。另外，現在有許多人愛騎自行車，如果座墊沒有選好，壓力區一直在會陰部的話，長期刺激之下，也有可能造成攝臒腺的炎症反應。就有公司主管平常頻尿，上班不能專心辦公，騎自行車之後，這種症狀更明顯。 闕士傑說，泌尿系統出問題不見得症狀會很明顯，可能一大早沒事，但傍晚卻痛得要命，或者尿結石的人，大結石不一定會痛，但有些小結石卻讓人很痛。 闕士傑強調，泌尿問題在醫治上的最高原則都是保護腎臟功能，因為腎臟功能一旦被破壞就不會恢復。如果病人患有尿結石，但沒有症狀，比如沒有血尿，也沒有感染，無大礙的話，讓病人與它「和平共存」即可，醫師不見得要深入治療，以免影響病人的腎功能。 關士傑說，攝護腺癌是美國男性癌症發生率第一名。就算有攝護腺問題，有些人也沒有症狀，排尿也很順暢。建議50歲以上的男性，最好每年可以去醫院健檢，尤其是有家族史者，可以做攝護腺的篩檢。很多攝護腺癌的病人都是在健檢才發現異狀。早期診斷，治療效果好。 攝護腺位於肛門和直腸後面，所以醫生會對病人先做肛診指診，用超音波檢查，攝護腺很大的話，會大得像雞蛋。同時，醫師也會用儀器測量病人的排尿速度。 若需要手術，目前的主流是微創手術，只會產生很小傷口甚至沒有傷口。如果採電刀切除或銩雷射手術，可以進行化驗是否有攝護腺癌。 闕士傑強調，即使攝護腺癌轉移、擴散，在正確藥物使用下也還有三到五年的存活率，而且生活品質不差。 2008-11-19 Protection of the prostate do not Bieniao Xu Gu-ching】 【older men, may slow flow when urinating, urinary smaller column, for a long time to wait a little urine will be finished; urine will be the last tick is not simply an end to, or urine End Soon Will want a urine; night to get up several times, especially in the winter night, all Haimo Shui warm bed, get up and uric affect the quality of life. This may be the prostate, men made good "knowledge of the fiftieth fate," the older, typical of the disease and longevity. Because the patient prostatic hyperplasia, to the oppression of the urethra, the urine is very slow, and who may have bladder stones, hematuria, serious attention not because it will lead to deterioration of renal function, or even to the last dialysis. According to statistics, the 50-year-old male of about 35% to 50% of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and increased with age, the higher the rate, by the age of 70 or 80 years old, about 80 percent of men have this phenomenon. National Taiwan University Hospital urologist to remind Shih-Chieh Chueh, although the busy working hours, and do not easily Bieniao, assuming that happens to poor kidney function, kidney failure Bieniao will accelerate. In addition, there are many people love to ride a bike, if not choose the right seat, the pressure in the perineal area has been the case, to stimulate long-term, may also be caused by inflammation of the prostate gland Yue response. There's usually in charge of urinary frequency, can not concentrate on office work, riding a bike after the more obvious symptoms. Shih-Chieh Chueh said that the symptoms of urinary system problems may not be obvious, early in the morning may be all right, but the pain was worse in the evening, or urinary stones, large stones will not necessarily hurt, but some small stones are very painful one. Shih-Chieh Chueh stressed that the urinary problems in the treatment of the highest principle of protecting kidney function, as kidney function is damaged will not resume. If a patient suffering from urinary stones, but no symptoms, such as no hematuria, no infection, will not cause illness, with patients so that it "peaceful coexistence" can be, the physician should not necessarily an in-depth treatment, so as not to affect the patient's renal function. Guan Shijie said that the prostate cancer for men in the United States the incidence of first place. Even if there is prostate problems, some people have no symptoms, voiding very smooth. Recommended for men over the age of 50, the best annual health check can go to the hospital, especially those who have a family history, can do the prostate screening. Many prostate cancer patients who are in the health check found Yizhuang. Early diagnosis and effective treatment. Prostate is located behind the anus and rectum, so doctors will Patients attending first anal examination, ultrasound, much prostate, will be large as eggs. At the same time, doctors will use the instruments measuring the speed of the patient's urine. If the need for surgery, is currently the mainstream of minimally invasive surgery, had only minor wounds or no wounds. If the removal of mining electric knife or thulium laser surgery, can be tested whether prostate cancer. Shih-Chieh Chueh stressed that even if prostate cancer metastasis, the spread of drug use on the right also have three to five years of survival, and quality of life, not bad at all. 2008-11-19 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper.

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憂鬱症人口 女多男2倍Depression of the population of women more than men and 2 times

憂鬱症人口 女多男2倍 【中央社】憂鬱症被世界衛生組織（WHO）列為21世紀三大疾病之一。台灣成功大學附設醫院家庭醫學部醫師姜明凱說，對多數人來說，都有心情不好、記憶力變差、注意力不集中等經驗，有時思考能力降低減緩，學習力低落，只要兩、三天就改善；但憂鬱症會有情緒、行為、思考等方面的症狀，尤其腦子裡都是負面的思考。 姜明凱指出，憂鬱症盛行率在各地差異性很大，範圍約是5%至25%，終身盛行率（所有人口中，有多少人一生中會罹患憂鬱症）約是15%；全球約有兩億人有憂鬱症，女性發生率約是男性的1.5至兩倍。 他說，台灣憂鬱症人口有年輕化的趨勢，調查顯示，平均發病年齡是24歲，大多數人首次發作症狀輕微，時間也不長，不會接受治療，但八成患者會愈來愈嚴重，不少人有自殺的念頭。 引發憂鬱症，主要是情緒性心理疾病，包括失落、自尊心受損、怨恨、負面思考及認知；但憂鬱症也有遺傳傾向，屬於生物體質因素。 姜明凱說，憂鬱症不僅有情緒、思考、心理的影響，身體也會出現不適症狀，且涵蓋各個系統，例如心臟血管、呼吸系統、消化系統、泌尿系統、生殖系統、骨骼系統、皮膚系統及神經系統等，不能輕忽。 2008-11-18 Depression of the population of women more than men and 2 times Central News Agency】 【depression by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the 21st century one of the three diseases. The success of Taiwan University Hospital Department of Family Medicine physician Jiangming Kai said that for most people, are in a bad mood, memory deterioration, such as concentration, reduced ability to think and sometimes slow, low learning ability, as long as two or three To improve the day; depression, but there will be emotional, behavioral, thinking the symptoms, especially in his mind all the negative thinking. Jiangming Kai pointed out that the prevalence of depression in various parts of a large difference, is an area of about 5-25 percent, the prevalence of life (all of the population, how many people will suffer from depression and life) is about 15%; about two Million people have depression, the incidence of women about men is 1.5 to two times. He said that Taiwan depression of the younger population trends survey shows that the average age of onset is 24 years old, most of the first symptoms of mild attack, not a long time, not for medical treatment, 80 patients will be more and more serious Many people have the idea of committing suicide. Lead to depression, mainly psychological and emotional diseases, including lost, damaged self-esteem, resentment and negative thinking and cognitive; depression, but also a genetic tendency to belong to the bio-physical factors. Jiang Mingkai that depression is not only emotional, thinking, psychological, physical symptoms will occur, and covers various systems, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive system, skeletal system, skin and nervous system Systems can not overlook. 2008-11-18 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper.

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季節交替 鼻子要保溫Turn heat to the nose season

季節交替 鼻子要保溫 戴口罩可以避免接觸太冷的口氣，有保溫作用。 �� 又到了季節交替的時節，許多人早上起床總是忍不住流鼻水、打噴嚏，如何「吸得舒服」是很多人每天的大事。該怎麼解決？ 鼻噴劑 舒緩過敏症狀 台灣大學附設醫院內科部主治醫師余忠仁說，上述情形多數是季節性的過敏症狀，減緩方式為使用類固醇的鼻噴劑；另一種則是血管驅動性過敏，來自較為敏感的鼻內黏膜受到冷空氣刺激後，變成腫大，預防方式就是注意「保溫」，避免鼻子接觸太冷的空氣。 也有人常莫名其妙地咳嗽，若不是「內心希望別人注意，所以咳一下，好喚起別人的注意」等心因性問題，大概就是生病了。 「如果咳嗽超過三星期，最好去看醫生！」余忠仁說，一般急性咳嗽不會超過三星期，而久咳超過八星期，就是慢性咳嗽了，原因很可能是鼻涕倒流、胃食道逆流、氣喘、支氣管炎、肺結核、肺腫瘤，或是服用了降血壓的藥…。 氣喘是現代文明病之一，發病年齡層已降低，「愈來愈多氣喘小孩了！」歸納導致氣喘的原因，包括基因遺傳、飲食或者環境誘發而來，以致會在半夜或清晨發出喘鳴聲、呼吸困難。 余忠仁提醒，氣喘屬於慢性發炎的阻塞性肺病，不能治癒，但可以透過藥物讓病情穩定。他表示，氣喘族群當中有六成患的是輕度氣喘，可能一生只有發作一到二次，只有其他四成患者才需要用到類固醇的鼻噴劑。 快戒菸 適度有氧運動 余忠仁說，呼吸道的保健沒有特殊方法，第一天條就是戒菸，以及避免空氣汙染；其次就是適度的有氧運動，比如打拳、快走或跑步；以及自我呼吸訓練，包括腹式呼吸，讓肺部膨脹，呼進大量空氣，或者噘嘴呼吸和步伐訓練等。 身為醫師，余忠仁不斷提醒大家戒菸。他說，香菸含有40種致癌物質，吸菸者得肺癌的機率是沒有抽菸的人的十倍。不過，肺癌與肺炎、肺結核不同，雖然都是跟呼吸道有關的疾病，但癌症是不會傳染的，有些人會誤會肺癌有傳染性。 ／徐谷楨 2008-11-16 Turn heat to the nose season Wear a mask to avoid contact with the cold tone, the role of insulation. By the turn of the season and the season, many people get up in the morning could not help but always runny nose, sneezing, how to "get comfortable smoking" is a lot of people every day of the event. How to resolve this? Nasal sprays relieve allergy symptoms National Taiwan University Hospital internal medicine physician at the Department of Chong-Jen Yu said that most of the cases is seasonal allergy symptoms, slow way for the use of nasal steroid spray; blood vessels is another driver of allergy, from the more sensitive by the nasal mucosa To stimulate the cold air, become swollen, is to look at ways to prevent the "heat" and nose to avoid contact with cold air. It was also often baffling to cough, if it was not "want others to pay attention to heart, so you cough, so to arouse the attention of other people" as a result of heart problems, is probably sick. "If you cough more than 3 weeks, it is best to see a doctor!" Said Chong-Jen Yu, general acute cough not more than 3 weeks, and more than 8 weeks Cough is a chronic cough, may be the reason for this is Bitidaoliu, gastroesophageal reflux, Asthma, bronchitis, tuberculosis, lung cancer, or the taking of blood pressure lowering drugs .... Asthma is a disease of modern civilization, have lower incidence of age, "more and more children with asthma!" Lead into the causes of asthma, including genes, diet-induced or from the environment, so that will be issued in the middle of the night or early morning breath song , Difficulty in breathing. Chong-Jen Yu reminded that belong to the chronic inflammation of asthma and obstructive pulmonary disease, not cure, but drugs can be so stable condition. He said there are 60 ethnic groups with asthma suffered from mild asthma, life may be only the second one to attack, only into the other four patients are required to use the steroid nasal spray. Soon quit moderate aerobic exercise Chong-Jen Yu said that respiratory health is no special method, the first day of the article is to quit smoking, and avoid air pollution; is followed by the moderate aerobic exercise, such as boxing, jogging or brisk walking; as well as self-breathing training, including abdominal breathing, so that Expansion of the lung, a large number of calls into the air, or respiratory t get sulky and the pace of training. As a doctor, Chong-Jen Yu constantly remind you to stop smoking. He said that cigarettes contain 40 cancer-causing substances, a smoker's risk of lung cancer is smoking and no person 10 times. However, lung cancer and pneumonia, tuberculosis, although all with respiratory-related diseases, but cancer is not infected, some people will misunderstand infectious lung cancer. / Xu Gu-ching 2008-11-16 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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B肝亂換藥 病毒更兇B viral liver disorder dressing more fierce

B肝亂換藥 病毒更兇 濫用抗生素，會產生抗藥性，事實上，治療B肝時，如果隨便換藥，或是中斷服藥，病毒也可能出現抗藥性，治療起來更棘手。醫師呼籲，B肝患者應遵從醫囑用藥，且不可自行至藥房購買藥物服用，以免引發多重抗藥性問題。 許先生從小就是B肝帶原者，從高中開始，就固定就醫，檢查肝功能指數，五年多前，發現身體容易疲累，如果中午不小睡一下，到了下午整個人就會很不舒服。 到醫院抽血檢查，病毒量超高，在醫師建議下，開始服用藥物，自覺副作用並不明顯，只是空腹服用，會覺得噁心。不過，服用一段時間後，身體逐漸恢復正常。但最近回診時抽血，沒想到病毒量飆高，醫師研判，已產生了抗藥性。 台北榮民總醫院內科部胃腸科主治醫師黃怡翔表示，使用抗B肝藥物越久，抗藥性問題就會越高。目前一線抗B肝病毒藥物，包括了「干安能」、「貝勒克」、「喜必福」等三種，服用一年之後，都會產生抗藥性，不過，比率不盡相同。 「貝勒克」的抗藥性最低，在1%以下，其次為「喜必福」，約在9%至15%之間，傳統用藥「干安能」則抗藥性最高，約在20%左右，一旦產生了抗藥性，還是得繼續服用一線藥物，但需合併使用二線用藥「安適能」。 黃怡翔指出，除了用藥時間、藥物屬性之外，引發B肝藥物抗藥性的因素，還包括了療程不完整。門診就發現，部分患者用藥服從性偏低，或因工作太忙，或是自覺症狀不明顯，於是沒有按時吃藥。 為了掌握患者服用B肝藥物之後，是否產生抗藥性，黃怡翔強調，治療之前，一定要先抽血檢測病毒數量，等服用三個月時，如果病毒數量已經下降，就再繼續治療三個月。 如果服用了三個月之後，病毒量沒有下降，甚至升高，則顯示病人對此藥物的反應不好，或是病人沒有好好服用藥物，這個時候就應該換藥。 黃怡翔解釋，病毒量多寡以2000國際單位為標準，要是治療一段時間之後，病毒數量仍大於2000以上，就代表出現了抗藥性，需加上二線藥物。 一般來說，肝功能指數（GPT）正常值約在40上下，如果超過兩倍以上，也就是在80以上，就屬於肝功能異常，但大部分患者仍無異狀，如果超過了200，就會出現了倦怠、容易疲倦等症狀，B肝帶原者應該多注意自己身體狀況。 黃怡翔強調，B型肝炎患者服用藥物六個月後，就應抽血檢測血中病毒量，如果病毒量下降，甚至偵測不出，即表示達到了治療效果，就應繼續服用原本藥物，不應換藥。 ／李樹人 2008-11-16 B viral liver disorder dressing more fierce Misuse of antibiotics, the resistance will, in fact, the treatment of liver B, if not dressing, medication or interruption of the virus may also appear resistant to treatment with even more difficult. Doctors called for, B patients with liver should comply with medication orders, and not on its own to pharmacies to buy drugs to take, so we do not have multi-drug resistance. Mr. Xu is small liver B carriers from the beginning of high school, fixed on the medical check liver function index, more than five years ago, tired easily found in the body, if not nap about noon, a man in the afternoon will be very uncomfortable. To the hospital for blood tests, ultra-high amount of virus in a doctor's suggestion, began taking the drug, side effects are not clearly conscious, but taken on an empty stomach will feel nausea. However, take some time, the body gradually returned to normal. But recently when the blood back to the clinic, the virus did not expect the high volume whirlwind, doctors judged that has resulted in resistance. Taipei Veterans General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Section gastrointestinal physician Lau Wong said that the use of anti-drug B liver longer, the problem would be more resistant. At present, first-line anti-retroviral drugs liver B, including "to dry-an," "Bei Leke" and "hi-fu will" of the three, after taking a year will be resistance, but not exactly the same rate. "Bei Leke" minimum resistance, less than 1%, followed by "hi-fu will", in about 9-15 percent between traditional medicine "can do an" resistance is the highest, about 20% Once had a drug-resistant, or continue to take a first-line drugs, but the combined use of second-line drugs, "to well-being." Lau Wong pointed out that in addition to drug use, drug attributes, caused liver B drug resistance factors, including the incomplete course of treatment. Found out that some patients with medication obedient low or too busy working, consciously or not obvious symptoms, they do not take medicine on time. In order to grasp the liver in patients with B drug, whether or not resistance, Lau Wong stressed that before treatment, we must first blood viral load testing, and so on to take three months, if the viral load has declined to continue treatment for three months. If you take three months, the amount of the virus has not declined, and even increased, the patient's reaction to this drug is not good, or the patient did not take medication, they should at this time the dressing was changed. Lau Wong explained that the amount of virus in 2000, the number of international standards for the unit, if the treatment for a period of time, the virus is still greater than the number of over 2000, on behalf of the emergence of drug resistance, to be coupled with second-line drugs. In general, liver function index (GPT) in the normal value of about 40 up and down, more than double than if, that is, more than 80, belonging to the abnormal liver function, but most of the patients with no Yizhuang, if more than 200, There will be a burnout, easy to symptoms such as fatigue, B liver carriers should pay attention to his physical condition. Lau Wong stressed, B hepatitis in patients taking the drug after six months, it should be blood testing blood virus, the virus if the decline, not even detect, said that to achieve the effect of the treatment, they should continue taking the drug had not Dressing should be. / Li people 2008-11-16 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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太胖… 好孕難上門 ... Difficult pregnancy too fat good home

太胖… 好孕難上門 女性懷孕生產，是身材最容易發福時期，但醫師提醒，肥胖也可能是不孕原因。 台灣台安醫院副醫院長周輝政表示，過度肥胖可能引發荷爾蒙失調造成不孕，尤其患有「多囊性卵巢症候群」婦女，會使體內男性荷爾蒙升高，女性荷爾蒙減少，這類患者常較肥胖，甚至有潛在糖尿病不自知，懷孕後流產機率也高。 周輝政在門診收治一位體重近80公斤的婦女求診，她因不孕曾在其他醫院做試管嬰兒6、7年都沒成功，周輝政建議她減重5公斤後，順利懷孕，小孩現在已經3歲了。 周輝政指出，懷孕30周時，約增加3公斤脂肪，目前婦產科醫師對懷孕婦女體重，BMI值低於18者，建議孕期可增重至17公斤；若BMI值在18至24間，可增重11至16公斤；若BMI值超過28者，最好只能增重6、7公斤。 周輝政也建議，婦女由於需要哺乳，不適合用餓肚子等方式減重，以免營養不均，建議產後即應將每天熱量攝取，控制在2000至2300大卡，坐完月子後可開始運動，每天半小時，持之以恆便能減少產後肥胖。 ／施靜茹 2008-11-16 ... Difficult pregnancy too fat good home Pregnant women in the production, is most likely to figure during the fat-fu, but to remind physicians that obesity may be the reasons for infertility. Taiwan Adventist Hospital Hospital chief Zhou Hui, deputy government said that obesity may lead to infertility caused by hormone imbalance, especially those with "polycystic ovary syndrome" women, male hormones in the body will rise, reducing the female hormones, such patients often More obesity, diabetes and even potentially not know, the chance of pregnancy after the abortion was also high. Zhou Hui government out-patient treatment at a weight of nearly 80 kilograms of women to seek medical treatment because of her infertility in other hospitals do not test-tube baby, 7-year success of the political Zhou Hui suggested that she lose weight 5 kg, a smooth pregnancy, a child now Has a 3-year-old. Zhou Hui-cheng points out that 30 weeks of pregnancy, an increase of about 3 kg fat, a doctor of obstetrics and gynecology at present body weight of pregnant women, BMI lower than 18, may be recommended weight gain during pregnancy to 17 kg; if the value of the BMI in the 18-24, Weight 11-16 kg; if the BMI value of more than 28, only the best six or seven kilograms of weight gain. Zhou Hui government also suggested that breast-feeding women need not apply to the hungry, and so on the way to lose weight, nutrition so as to avoid uneven proposed that the post should be a daily calorie intake to control calories in 2000-2300, sitting on End-started after Campaign and a half hours a day on a regular basis can reduce post-natal obesity. / Shi Jing-Ru 2008-11-16 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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裝胰島素幫浦 更要定時測血糖 Insulin pump fitted to a more regular blood sugar testing

裝胰島素幫浦 更要定時測血糖 ●胰島素是一種蛋白質，若以口服方式，在胃部消化時就會被胃酸破壞；因此，將藥劑直接注射至體內，可避開胃酸破壞，是唯一的給藥途徑。唯針刺的感覺並不好過，即使現在已有很多發明，大幅減少針刺痛感，不過，許多病患對針劑注射還是會卻步，因此，如何找到可以減少糖尿病患針刺苦痛的良方，便成為醫藥專家努力的目標。 皮下給藥 減少針刺的不適感 另外，目前發展出來自動輸注的胰島素幫浦，直接埋在患者皮下給藥，可減少針刺的不適感。台灣彰化基督教醫院新陳代謝科醫師林世鐸指出，這種給藥幫浦就像呼叫器大小，內部可裝胰島素的儲藥針筒，以小型電池驅動幫浦，利用精密的電腦晶片操控，自動精確地釋放微量胰島素，或由使用者操作而釋放，將注射軟管輸液套置入皮下，唯要注意的是，這輸液套管子約每2到3天更換一次。 使用方式 要聽醫護團隊指示 林世鐸指出，有些病患擔心使用幫浦會有發炎的危險，其實很高比率是因為消毒不完全，或拖到六、七天以上才更換輸液軟管所致。一般而言，使用病患需在醫護團隊的指導下充分了解步驟與使用方式，並如實地定期更換軟管，發炎的機率幾手微乎其微。 由於使用機器還需學習如何換算血糖等操作，因此，病患平均可在一周左右熟悉機器的操作，三個月內可以完全熟練。 林世鐸說，注射幫浦全日穩定供藥功能最適合胰島素分泌不穩定的病患，如低血糖症狀劇烈者，早晨肝醣製造增加，有「黎明現象」的病患，或日常生活與工作行程常會變動或不定，以致注射胰島素很不方便或常會忘記者，可以穩定供藥的幫浦是可以考慮的選擇。 不過林世鐸也提醒，若是病患連估算血糖都懶得做、或本身沒有測血糖能力者，他並不鼓勵這類患者使用這種幫浦；而孕婦因血糖高低會影響胎兒的發育，使用機器也要密切留意血糖值。 （本報綜合報導） 2008-11-16 Insulin pump fitted to a more regular blood sugar testing ● insulin is a protein, oral terms of the way, when digested in the stomach acid will be destroyed; As a result, the pharmaceutical direct injection to the body, can avoid the destruction of gastric acid, is the only route of administration. Acupuncture is not only feeling better, even if there is a lot of inventions, acupuncture reduced pain, but many of the patients will be deterred or injection, how to find acupuncture can reduce the pain of suffering from diabetes good, it Efforts to become a medical expert. Subcutaneous administration of acupuncture to reduce the discomfort In addition, the current developed automatic insulin infusion pump, directly buried in the patients with subcutaneous administration, acupuncture can reduce the discomfort. Taiwan Changhua Christian Hospital Physicians metabolic priest Lin pointed out that such a drug delivery pump as the size of pagers, can be fitted within the reservoir of insulin drug needles, small battery-powered pump, the use of sophisticated computer chips control, automatic release of accurate Trace insulin, or by the user and the release will be injected into the skin tube infusion sets, but it should be noted that this fluid-casing about every 2-3 days to replace one. Use the health care team to listen to instructions Lin pointed out that Murdoch, and some worry that patients using the pump would be the risk of infection, in fact, a very high rate because of incomplete sterilization, or until six or seven days or more before replacement hose caused by transfusion. In general, patients need to use the health care team under the guidance of the steps to fully understand and use, and faithfully replacement hoses on a regular basis, the rate of inflammation unlikely hands of a few. Due to the use of machines need to learn how to convert sugar, and other operations, the average patient in a week or so familiar with the operation of the machine, can be fully proficient within three months. Lin said that the duo, 24-injection pump for the stability of the drug most suitable for patients with unstable insulin secretion, such as severe hypoglycemia symptoms, manufacturing glycogen in the morning, "Dawn phenomenon" of patients, and in their personal lives and work of the regular tour Change or uncertainty, resulting in insulin injection is not easy or often forget, can be stabilized for the drug pump which could be considered for selection. But the duo Lin also warns that even if patients are too lazy to do blood sugar estimates, or they do not have any ability to measure blood sugar, he does not encourage patients to use this type of pump; pregnant women and as a result of high or low blood sugar may affect fetal development, the use of machines also To closely monitor the blood sugar level. (This roundup) 2008-11-16 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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糖尿病人眼部保健Diabetic eye care

糖尿病人眼部保健 【本報訊】1.檢查頻率：罹患糖尿病（不是發現糖尿病，而是指實際罹患時間）的前5年，每年應做一次眼科檢查，10年以上病史或有視網膜病變者，應每半年檢查一次；有視網膜出血現象的人，應該每2到3個月就檢查一次。 2.檢測項目：完整眼科檢查包括視力矯正、眼壓測量和散瞳後的眼底鏡檢查。 3.飲食禁忌：戒菸、飲食低油低鹽、儘量清淡，因破裂血管中流出的脂肪和水分，會堆積在黃斑部上，影響視力。應適當補充維生素C、E和葉黃素。 4.少戴隱形眼鏡：糖尿病患的角膜較一般人脆弱，若發生破皮，傷口癒合情況又比較差，因此建議少戴或不戴隱形眼鏡，以免增加角膜受傷機會。 5.有異狀立即就診：對於視力的改變要有警覺心，一發現異狀，應立即到眼科就診。 2008-11-14 Diabetic eye care By 1. Inspection frequency: diabetes (diabetic is not found, but the actual time suffering from) the first five years should do a check of Ophthalmology, more than 10 years or has a history of retinopathy, should check every six months Time; have retinal bleeding, should be every 2-3 months for a check. 2. Detection of the project: a complete ophthalmic examination, including corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement and dilation of the eyes after the examination. 3. Dietary taboos: quit smoking, low-salt diet low oil, light as far as possible, as a result of the breakdown of blood vessels in fat and out of the water, accumulate in the macula, the visual impact. Should be appropriate to add vitamin C, E and lutein. 4. Less wear contact lenses: the risk of diabetes than the general fragility of the cornea, Popi took place, wound healing than the situation worse, it is proposed to wear little or no contact lens wear, so as not to increase the opportunities for corneal injury. 5. Yizhuang have immediate treatment: the vision must be alert to changes in heart, I found Yizhuang immediately to the ophthalmology clinic. 2008-11-14 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper.

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糖尿病人護腎守則 �Diabetes and kidney code�

糖尿病人護腎守則 �� 1.腎臟檢查：第一型糖尿病患，罹病滿15年後，應接受腎臟檢查；第二型糖尿病患，應每半年受檢一次；有蛋白尿情形，應每三個月受檢一次，並加作腎功能檢查。 2.血壓、膽固醇控制：血壓應維持在13080mmHg以下；低密度膽固醇值控制在100以下。 3.飲食禁忌：應避免紅肉、奶、蛋。 2008-11-15 Diabetes and kidney code 1. Kidney check: First, suffering from diabetes, the disease over 15 years, should be subject to inspection kidney; suffering from type II diabetes should be inspected once every six months; where there is proteinuria, should be inspected once every three months and Increase for kidney function tests. 2. Blood pressure, cholesterol control: blood pressure should be maintained at the following 13080mmHg; low-density cholesterol levels below 100 in the control. 3. Dietary taboos: to avoid red meat, milk, eggs. 2008-11-15 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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大腦各部門 功能不同 The brain functions in different departments

大腦各部門 功能不同 圖一 圖二 大腦分成很多部門，各司其職。由於神經科學的進展，人類對大腦功能的瞭解，不僅止於如何進行，也知道大腦各部位分工的細節。例如肢體運動功能主要是額葉後部司掌，視覺功能在枕葉，思考在額葉前部，而記憶的儲存庫在顳葉上部等等（圖一）。 近年來，我們可以利用先進的實驗手段，在受檢者清醒的情況下，觀察到大腦的有關部分在執掌其功能時的運作情況（圖二）。圖片是一個人腦在放射線照射下，經電腦處理後所獲得的攝影。片中的影色反映大腦部位代謝的程度。代謝旺盛時，呈現紅色，不那麼旺盛時呈黃色；沒有表現出代謝時則為綠色。圖中的藍色是大腦中正常存在的「腦室」（其中充滿了藍色的腦液）。例如，思考時，額葉在活動；追憶時，顳葉在活動等等。 這個圖片顯示，枕葉區的顏色最紅，表示那裏正在進行旺盛的代謝。我們可以推想，受檢者正在看一張照片之類的東西。其他部位也有稀稀落落的紅色，表示其他地區也有旺盛的代謝活動。受檢者在看的同時，引起了一些思考（額葉的功能）和記憶（顳葉）。這是合理的推測，因為看見了某種情景後，是會引起思考和回憶的。 我們可以設想，如果讓受檢者閉上眼睛，作一個困難的心算題。那時的圖片大概是，前額葉呈現出濃密的紅色斑塊，而枕葉會是一片綠色。顳葉大概有相當的紅色斑塊，因為心算必然遷涉到一些記憶的功能。 在老人的腦功能衰退時，如果主要在思考方面，可以看到額葉的活動減退；記憶顯著減退時，顳葉的活動即顯不足。相反也是一樣。採取某種措施加強某種腦力活動時，如果看到相應的大腦部位更為活躍，那就說明，這個活動的確有效，諸如此類。 由於以上所述神經科學的飛躍進展，我們可以印證或探討所採取的措施，包括服藥、飲食和生活型態的調整（如運動和特定的腦力活動），是不是有益於促進大腦功能的發展，防止其退化。 上述的實驗檢查，由於設備的限制，花費不貲，因而還不能普遍應用。但在科學研究的領域，已進入實用的階段。對一些臨床的問題，也越來越有幫助。就本文的主題而言，它對人類大腦的功能進行的細節，提供了極大的門路，從而使我們對怎樣防止大腦功能衰退的問題，有了更好的理解和舉措。 ／劉鍾毅 2008-11-09 The brain functions in different departments A map Figure II The brain is divided into many departments, carry out their duties. Due to the progress of neuroscience, brain function of human understanding, not only about how to proceed, each part of the brain know the details of the division of labor. For example, motor function is the main charge of the Secretary at the rear of the frontal lobe, the visual function in the occipital lobe, frontal lobe in the front thinking, memory and storage in the upper part of the temporal lobe, and so on (Figure). In recent years, we can make use of advanced means of experiments, subjects in a clear, observed the relevant parts of the brain in charge of its function when the operation (Figure II). Is a picture in the human brain irradiation, treated by the computer obtained by photography. Film about the impact of color reflect the parts of the brain metabolism. High metabolism, a red, not so strong when the yellow; did not show at metabolites and green. The blue map is the existence of the normal brain, "ventriculoperitoneal" (which is full of blue liquid brain). For example, thinking, activity in the frontal lobe; recall, in the temporal lobe activity and so on. The pictures show that the occipital areas of the color red, said there are strong metabolism. We can assume that subjects looking at a picture and so on. There are also other parts of thinly red, other areas that have high metabolic activity. Subjects looking at the same time, raises a number of thinking (the frontal lobe function) and memory (temporal lobe). It is reasonable to speculate as to see some scenarios, there is going to be thinking and memory. We can imagine that, if the subjects close their eyes and make a difficult mental arithmetic problem. At that time about the picture is that the prefrontal cortex showed thick patches of red, and the occipital lobe is a piece of green. Temporal lobe is probably quite a patch of red, mental arithmetic because of the inevitable migration of some memory. In the old brain function decline, if mainly in the aspects of thinking, we can see that the frontal lobe activity decreased; memory decline significantly, the temporal lobe activity that is significantly less. On the other hand is the same. To take some measures to strengthen some kind of mental activity, to see if the corresponding parts of the brain is more active, it shows that this activity is indeed effective, and so on. Due to the above leap of progress in neuroscience, we can confirm or explore the measures taken, including medication, diet and lifestyle adjustments (such as specific movements and brain activity) is not conducive to the promotion of the development of brain function, To prevent them from degradation. Check the above experiment, because of equipment limitations, to spend a lot, which is not widely used. However, in the field of scientific research, has entered a practical stage. For some clinical problems, more and more helpful. This article on the subject, it is the human brain to carry out the functions of the details of the offers great opportunities, so that our brain functions and how to prevent a recession, a better understanding and initiatives. / Liu Zhong 2008-11-09 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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「用進廢退」的大腦 "Disuse" of the brain

「用進廢退」的大腦 圖三 「用進廢退」是生物學中一個普遍的規律，人們早已有深刻的認識。但是，長期以來，科學家對於人進入老年以後，大腦功能是否繼續服膺它，卻有疑慮，因為一般認為中央神經系統的細胞，成年以後，不能新生或再生。這是筆者在60年前在學校學習神經生理學時公認的法則。但是，近一、二十年來，由於觀察手段的精進，有越來越多的證據顯示，成年人的中樞神經系統的細胞衰亡後也可以再生。近來有報導，提出了足以令人信服的證據，指出司掌學習新技術功能的大腦，至少在實驗的小鼠中，成年以後是可以新生的。 圖三顯示一個神經細胞，用來體現學習過程在細胞的水平上，是怎樣完成的。這些細胞構成神經活動的基本元素，因此又叫作神經元。它有一個細胞核，從細胞的四壁長出無數的小樹狀突，其功能是從別的神經元接受傳給它的資訊。這種資訊以電位元改變的形式傳來後，神經元作出反應。通過軸突，傳遞到下一個神經元的樹狀突或另一類細胞，如肌肉細胞，按其指示作出反應。這就構成基本的神經通路。 如圖所示，樹狀突短而多，軸突卻長而只有一條。為了使信息的傳達不受干擾，軸突四周由一層像電線外皮的髓鞘包繞起來。髓鞘也向長長的軸突提供保養，不必依靠已甩在老遠的「老家」運來。學習一門新技術時，必需開通很多以前從來沒有的新通路。為此，神經元就要長出更多的樹狀突。學得多，樹狀突就多。不學習，樹狀突就少。長久不學習，原有的樹狀突就消失了。我們可以設想，一個學有專長的教授，或者能作高難度的雜技演員，其大腦某些特定地區的神經元，一定有比一般人濃密得多的樹狀突。這種設想已在近年來，得到實驗的啟示，甚至證明。 ／劉鍾毅 2008-11-09 "Disuse" of the brain Figure III "Disuse" Biology is a general rule, people have been profound. However, for a long time for scientists to enter old age, the brain function of whether or not to continue to subscribe to it, there are doubts as is generally believed that the central nervous system cells, adult, not new or renewable. This is the author of 60 years ago in school learning neural recognized when Physiology law. However, the last one, over the past 20 years, as a means of observation to improve, more and more evidence that the adult central nervous system cells after the decline and fall can also be renewable. Recent reports have put forward a convincing enough evidence to charge the Secretary pointed out that learning new techniques of brain function, at least in the experimental mice, after the adult is the new-born. Figure III shows that a nerve cell to reflect the learning process in the cell level, what is completed. These nerve cells constitute the basic elements, it also called neurons. It has a nucleus from the cell walls of countless small tree growing process, and its function is to receive from other neurons to its information. This information to potential changes in the form of yuan came after the neurons respond. Through the axon, passing to the next neuron or another type of dendritic cells, muscle cells, such as in accordance with their instructions to respond. This constitutes a basic neural pathway. As shown, dendritic short, but long axons and there is only one. In order to convey information without interference, from around the axons skin layer of the myelin-like wire wrapping up. Myelin sheath axon long to provide maintenance, do not have to rely on have thrown away the "home", to. A study of new technologies, the need has never been opened, many of the new access road. To this end, it is necessary to grow neurons more dendritic. Learn much more on the dendritic. Do not study, dendritic less. Not for a long time to learn, the original dendritic disappeared. We can imagine that a learned professor, or can be difficult for the acrobat, and its specific areas of the brain neurons, there will be much more dense than the average person's dendritic. This vision has been in recent years, the experiment has been the inspiration, or even to prove. / Liu Zhong 2008-11-09 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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電子遊戲可減緩腦退化？Electronic games can slow down the degradation of the brain?

電子遊戲可減緩腦退化？ 近十多年來，電子遊戲熱潮逐漸向老人市場蔓延。目前很多電玩製品廠家特別針對老人的需要，推出產品促銷。例如，日本電子遊戲機製造商「任天堂」（Nintendo），最近專門派員到美國退休老人協會(AARP）舉辦的年會活動中，駐點展示其「益智」產品，同時前往老人院中安裝遊戲機，派人教授玩法。有些老人中心推廣數獨（Sudoku）遊戲，讓老人延緩大腦老化。阿滋海默氏病是老人腦力衰退最常見的病，防止腦力衰退，就意味防止或推遲阿滋海默病的發生。但腦力衰退真的是可以經訓練減緩的嗎? 人類的一切活動，都是通過神經系統的功能來實現。它分成兩大部份：周圍和中樞。周圍神經系統把身體所感受到的內外情況傳遞到中樞，同時把中樞的信息，傳達到身體內部和外在的有關器官，作出反應。而大腦，就是中樞神經系統的最高指揮部門。它把體內外各處傳來的資訊，進行分析和綜合，作出決定後傳出。人必需維護大腦的健康，才能正確執行無比複雜而精細的功能。 ／劉鍾毅 2008-11-09 Electronic games can slow down the degradation of the brain? The past decade or so, the video game craze gradually spread to the old market. At present, a lot of video products manufacturers in particular for the needs of the elderly, the introduction of product promotion. For example, the Japanese maker of video games, "Nintendo" (Nintendo), recently sent to the United States devoted to retirement association for the elderly (AARP) annual meeting organized by the campaign, gather to display their "educational" products, while old people's homes to install Rides, games, a professor sent. Some of sudoku promotion center for the elderly (Sudoku) game, so that the elderly slow the aging brain. Alzheimer's disease of the elderly are the most common mental decline of the disease and prevent mental decline, it means that prevent or delay the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. But the brain really is a recession can be trained to slow down it? All human activities, through the function of the nervous system to achieve. It is divided into two parts: the central and peripheral. Peripheral nervous system by the body to feel the internal and external circumstances to the transfer hub at the same time the central message conveyed to the external and internal body organ, to respond. The brain, central nervous system is the highest command. It has in vitro and in vivo from different parts of the information, analysis and synthesis, came after a decision is made. Were necessary to safeguard the health of the brain in order to correct the implementation of very complex and sophisticated. / Liu Zhong 2008-11-09 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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破壞浪漫關係的10誡Destroy the romantic relationship between the 10 commandment

破壞浪漫關係的10誡 【本報綜合報導】我們都自以為懂得怎樣去愛，卻因此漸漸與愛背離。要與異性建立良好關係並不容易，它理所當然需要經營。許多時候我們努力不夠，但不管多用心經營，不僅錯誤，且往往以主觀思維和態度破壞彼此關係。 大家見過很多分手例子，其中有戲劇性的「曇花一現之戀」，也包括持續很久的平淡分手，誰在破壞彼此關係？可歸納出10大因素。 1 你想扮演贏家 感情的致命殺手之一，就是競爭的慾望。在競爭關係中，人們往往只想著怎麼得到好處，佔上風，抓住對方的把柄。如果你覺得有些事不能告訴方，因為對方會以此抗拒，那你們就處於競爭關係－最好不要持續太久。 2 你的不信任感 感情生活中有兩種信任感十分重要。一是相信伴侶不會欺騙或傷害你，且知道對方確可信任。另一種是相信、知道伴侶不會因為你的一句話而離開或不愛你。 如果第二個信任已不存在，不論你們其中哪一人利用對方的信任而做出有害的事，或其中一人認為對方會這樣，你們的關係已經結束，即使拖延十年才分手。 3 你不願意表達 有人把煩惱或失望埋藏心底，也許不想傷害伴侶，也許想佔上風（例如：不告訴你，讓你摸不著頭緒）。 即使短期內能改善事情，但長久會侵蝕感情的根基。小事情會變成大麻煩，是因伴侶沒有先知先覺，更糟的是「先知後覺」，知道卻認為不會有問題。保持沉默，反映缺乏信任感。，那是感情結束的主因。 4 你不願意傾聽 傾聽，而且是真正的傾聽，很難。聽到批評，我們總想要辯護，這很正常。所以我們通常會打斷別人的解釋，為自己找理由或暗地準備防禦，而沒有聽別人把話說完。 但你的伴侶值得你主動傾聽，甚至聽出日常閒聊裡的暗示，去發現對方的夢想和心願（對方可能還不自覺）。 5 揮霍如單身時 單身時，你可以在任何時候買任何想買的東西，幾乎不用考慮將來，你是唯一須承擔後果的人。 當你和某個人交往一段長期，這就是麻煩了。你的伴侶和你的孩子，將會是你開銷時首要考慮因素，先考慮家庭必要開支，還有餘錢，再一起討論花掉它的最好辦法。無論如何，伴侶間需要更多溝通。若你花錢有如鈔票都是你的，那感情就完了。 有男性部落客指出：「我們是很好應付的，如果你們少上幾堂健身課，我們甚至會買那些該死的衣服給你們！」 6 總是害怕分手 在真正愉快的伴侶關係中，沒有人會害怕分手。如果你害怕，肯定某個地方出錯了。通常來說，錯誤的是恐懼本身，它不僅洩漏信任的不足，也]洩漏自信和自尊心的缺乏；你把更多精力用來維持表面幸福，而不是去塑造自己，這樣的事吃力不討好，你的伴侶遲早會警覺並離開你。 7 總是過於依賴 伴侶關係中的支持和依賴，有一條微妙的界線。如果你過於依賴伴侶，沒有對方就不能生活，那麼你已越界，壓力會讓對方產生怨隙。若你期望伴侶帶給你一切，你卻什麼都不能給予，你已處於麻煩中。 8 總是指望幸福 感情不好的跡象，就是雙方都希望能使對方快樂，或讓對方給自己快樂。這是不現實的期望，沒有人能使你快樂，除了你自己。 感情生活不會只有快樂，當你心煩、痛苦、沮喪或憂傷時，能夠依靠某個人，遠比總是快樂還要重要。如果你期望伴侶能帶來快樂，或因你的伴侶不能給你快樂而失望，那你們的感情將不會順利。 9 你從來不爭吵 偶爾一次良性爭吵是必需的，中國俗諺「床頭吵，床尾和」是有道理的。如果有一次不愉快的爭吵，它能回過頭幫助伴侶雙方，看清已存在但未知的問題，幫助你們遠離激戰，直到你越過臨界線。 夫妻間不爭吵是害怕衝突，這反映出信任感缺乏和恐懼的根源。這不是好事。有時候，爭吵能在小事變成大事前把它引出，而且爭吵能把人類正常情感的生氣表達出來。你們的感情必須堅固到能包容全部，而不只是快樂。 10 相愛容易相處難 對於感情，有兩種嚴重的錯誤心態。一種認為感情很容易，如果真心相愛並打算在一起，問題就迎刃而解。另一種認為，任何值得擁有的都很難得到，來之不易才值得擁有。這兩種人都不會去經營感情。 認為太簡單的人，覺得不需做任何事；認為很艱難的人，努力過後，反而不覺得「得來不易」。兩種情況都會很快令你疲憊不堪，前者的問題沒有如預期消失，後者的難題持續消耗精力。不需要任何經營的感情，絕不會更好。 你可以有的選擇 這10個問題沒有唯一答案，但有些選擇，你可以為自己是破壞感情的推手，找出解釋來。譬如：為感情失敗找出卸責理由…下個人會更好；失敗不意味分手…但很多人可沒這麼幸運；你可以悶悶不樂在一段失敗的感情中生活幾年，甚至幾十年，因害怕找不到更好的；更糟的是，害怕這是自己應得的。 你可以不必如此，只要找到解決辦法，不管是需要治療，一次獨自的登山，或只是跟你的伴侶深談、彼此允諾改善。 你無法有的選擇 近代性學研究發現，性愛是巨大的鎮靜劑。做愛時人體可釋放內啡呔，它是一種天然的鎮靜、鎮痛劑，提高免疫系統功能；性在婚姻中的作用非常大。 但中國調查，影響夫妻親密關係的主因為：夫妻觀點經常不一致或嚴重分歧（45%）、家庭責任大（例如子女教育、家庭經濟狀況）（32%）及家庭性生活不和諧（27%）。當前，「無性夫妻」增加，性生活變成無法有的選擇。 2008-11-10 Destroy the romantic relationship between the 10 commandment PRC roundup】 think we all know how to love, but love and therefore gradually depart. To establish a good relationship with the opposite sex is not easy, of course it needs to operate. Many of our efforts not enough time, but no matter how hard operation, not only wrong, and often subjective thinking and attitude of the damage to relations with each other. We have seen many examples of breaking up, including the dramatic "Love in a flash in the pan" as well as continued for a long time breaking up the dull, who is trying to destroy the relationship between each other? Can narrow it down to 10 factors. You want to play a winner One of the feelings of the deadly killer, is the desire to compete. In the competition, people tend to just want to how the benefit, the upper hand, grasp the other side of the handle. If you feel that some things can not tell side, as will the other side to resist, then you are on the competition - best not to last long. 2, you do not trust Emotional life of the trust, there are two very important. First, believe that the partner will not hurt or deceive you, and know each other really trusted. The other is believed to know your partner will not leave a word or do not love you. If the second trust no longer exists, no matter which one you use each other's confidence and make a harmful thing, or one of them so that the other party, your relationship is over, even if the 10-year delay before breaking up. 3, you do not want to express It was disappointing to bury the bottom of my heart trouble, or perhaps do not want to hurt the partner may wish to prevail (for example: do not tell you that you touched a loss as to how). Even in the short term to improve things, but for a long time will erode the foundation of feelings. Small things become big trouble, is not a partner because of the foresight, make matters worse, "after the Prophet sleep", but know that there is no problem. To remain silent, reflecting a lack of trust. That is the main reason for the end of the feelings. 4, you do not want to listen to Listen, and listen to the real, it is difficult. Heard the criticism, we want to defend this is normal. Therefore, we usually interrupt other people's interpretation, looking for their own reasons or secretly prepared defense, and did not finish listening to other people. However, you should be your partner take the initiative to listen, hear and even day-to-day chat, hints, to discover each other's dreams and aspirations of (the other party may not consciously). 5, such as spending a single time Single, you can buy at any time want to buy any of the things that almost do not have to consider in the future, you only have to bear the consequences. When you contact someone and for a long time, and that is in trouble. Your partner and your children will be spending when you are given the highest priority, the need to take into account the family expenses, they still have money left, and then discuss the best way to spend it. In any case, the need for more communication between partners. If you spend all your money like that feeling on the end. There are male blogger said: "We are a very good deal if you have a small hall on a few fitness classes, we may even buy those bloody clothes to you!" 6 are always afraid of breaking up In the real pleasure of the partnership, no one will be afraid of breaking up. If you fear, a place where there is certainly a mistake. In general, the error is fear itself, which not only leak less confidence, and leakage of a lack of self-confidence and self-esteem; you more energy to maintain the surface of the well-being, rather than portray themselves, so do a thankless job, you The partners will be on the alert, and sooner or later you have to leave. 7 always relied too much on In partnership the support and dependence on a delicate line. If you over-reliance on partners, not the other party will not be able to live, then you have crossed the line pressure on the other side will have a gap resentment. If you expect your partner to all, but you can not give what you have been in trouble in. 8 always count on the well-being Feeling good sign that both sides hope to make each other happy, or let the other party to their happiness. It is unrealistic to expect that no one will enable you to be happy, in addition to your own. Love life will not be happy only when you upset, pain, sorrow or frustration, can rely on certain individuals, more important than always happy. If you expect partner to bring happiness, or your partner can not give you happiness and disappointment, that your feelings will not be smooth. 9, you never quarrel Occasionally a healthy quarrel is necessary Chinese proverb "noisy bed, bed end and" makes sense. If there is an unpleasant quarrel, it can turn around and help the two partners, has been to see the existence of the unknown, but the problem and help you to stay away from fighting until you cross the threshold. Quarrel between husband and wife is not afraid of conflict, reflecting a lack of trust and fear of the root causes. This is not a good thing. Sometimes, things can be turned into a quarrel before the event it leads, and can quarrel normal human emotion of anger expressed. You must be a strong feeling to be able to all inclusive and not just happiness. 10 easy to love difficult to get along The feelings, there are two serious errors of mind. A feeling that is easy, if the intention to sincere love and together, to solve the problem. Another of the view that any are worth having is difficult to get, only the hard-won worth having. The two are not operating to the feelings. That's too simple, feel no need to do anything; that very difficult, after the effort, but do not feel that "it is not easy." Both cases, you will soon be exhausted, the former issue has not disappeared as expected, the latter continuing problem of energy consumption. Does not require any operator is no better. You can choose to have 10 This problem is not the only answer, but some choose, you can undermine their own feelings of the promoter, to find out the explanation. For example: In order to find out the feelings of failure to shirk its responsibility under the personal reasons ... will be better; failure does not mean breaking up ... but a lot of people can not so lucky; you can over a period of depressed feelings of failure to live a few years, even decades, for fear of looking Not better; To make matters worse, it is afraid of its own well-deserved. You can not have that, as long as a solution, whether it is in need of treatment, a mountain alone, or with your partner to talk about deep, and promised each other to improve. Some you can not choose Modern sexuality study found that sex is a great sedative. Love can be released when the body endorphin, a natural sedative, analgesic and enhance immune system function; of the role of marriage in the very large. However, the Chinese investigation, the impact of the close relationship between husband and wife owners for the following reasons: husband and wife point of view often inconsistent or serious differences (45%), large family responsibilities (such as children's education, family economic status) (32%) and sexual disharmony in the family (27%) . At present, "asexual husband and wife" increase in sexual life can not be turned into some choice. View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper.

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玩電玩可防腦衰 Playing video games can be anti-brain decline

玩電玩可防腦衰 根據大腦細胞萎縮發生的機制，其預防之道，顯然就是反其道而行之：多用腦，不讓它停息而廢退。只要是用腦的活動，都有益處，例如腦力勞動者晚退休，生活中多閱讀，常打麻將，猜字謎，玩樂器，學習外文或新技術等。 電子遊戲真能有益於防止腦功能衰退嗎？答案是肯定的。問題是，電子遊戲機（硬體）種類繁多，遊戲項目（軟件）更多，可以和錄像帶店中提供的各色電影之多比美，讓人眼花撩亂，如何選擇？的確，不是任何電子遊戲都對老人有益。為了做正確的選擇，以下對選擇的原則作一簡介： l按平臺分 玩遊戲必需要有一個適當的平臺。例如打麻將要有一張桌子，跳房子要有一小塊空地等等。電子遊戲的平臺就是一個電子硬體。按硬體的不同，電子遊戲有四種。 一、家用主機（Console）是最常見的遊戲平臺。發展的主力是日本的任天堂。由於電腦技術的進展，平臺能夠提供更真實化的畫面。目前以任天堂Wii型（其發音如讀We），XBOX360和PS3三種最受歡迎，成為家用主機的主力。任天堂Wii型可以利用現成的電視螢光屏放映。實際上它不再是單純的遊戲主機，而成為家庭客廳的多媒體娛樂中心，包括遊戲、視頻、圖片、音樂、網絡等。 二、掌上主機（Handheld）是1980年代末，隨著移動型電子產品，如行動電話的興起而流行起來的。最初的產品無法替換遊戲項目。現在的則像DVD放映機，可以替換遊戲項目，深受玩家的歡迎。目前以任天堂SD型為主力，玩家最多。 三、街機（Arcade）就是流行於街頭的商用遊戲機，其遊戲項目多為青少年所喜愛。 四、個人或辦公室所用的電腦。一般電腦中已安裝有一些遊戲項目，如撲克和骰子。文具店中也有多種項目出售，包括益智類。對家中有電腦而能使用的老人，十分適合。 l按項目性質分 傳統遊戲有很多種。例如桌上玩的有麻將和撲克，地上玩的有跳房子和跳繩，在球場玩的有各種球類。電子遊戲也是這樣，名堂多得不勝枚舉。在選購時，玩家首先要確定，在多種多類的遊戲中，想買甚麼性質的最好。就本文的讀者而言，以幫助老人防止腦力衰退的為主，又要符合自己的興趣，玩起來有味，因此，應當在益智類中選擇。它包括拼字，數字迷宮（所謂數獨Sudoku）等等。此外，桌上類，如撲克、下棋，也比較適合老人，還有偵探故事之類的遊戲，玩家扮演偵探的角色，參加辦案，可以推動玩家使用邏輯和推理，也在候選之列。 ／劉鍾毅 2008-11-09 Playing video games can be anti-brain decline According to the shrinkage of the brain cells took place a mechanism to prevent its way, it is clear that the opposite: to make more use of brain, it does not cease and disuse. As long as it is to use brain activity, the benefits are, for example, mental retirement late in life more read, often playing mahjong, puzzles guess, playing musical instruments, learning a foreign language or new technology. Video games can really benefit the brain to prevent a recession it? The answer is yes. The problem is that video games (hardware) and a large variety of items of the game (software) more, and can be provided by the video store as many colors than the film, dazzled people, how to choose? It is true that video games are not any good for the elderly. In order to make the right choice, on the following principles to make a choice: l according to the sub-platform Play the game must have a suitable platform. For example, should playing mahjong table, hopscotch to have a small piece of open space and so on. Video game platform is an electronic hardware. According to the different hardware, video game four. First, the host of household (Console) is the most common gaming platform. Japan is a major development of Nintendo. Due to the progress of computer technology, the platform can provide more of the true picture. Nintendo Wii to the current type (such as the time of its pronunciation We), XBOX360 and PS3 the most popular of the three has become the main host of household. Nintendo Wii can be used off-the-shelf type of TV show Ying Guangping. In fact, it is no longer a simple game console, and become the family's living room multi-media entertainment centers, including games, video, photos, music, networking and so on. Second, the handheld console (Handheld) is the end of the 1980s, with the mobile electronic products such as mobile phones and the rise of pop up. The initial product can replace Game Project. Now it's like DVD players, the game can be replaced, was welcomed by players. To the current Nintendo-SD for the main players the most. Third, the Arcade (Arcade) is popular in the streets of the commercial game, the game more projects for young people love. Fourth, personal or office computer used. General computer installed in some games, such as poker and dice. There are also a variety of stationery items for sale, including the puzzle. On the family computer and can be used by the elderly, very fit. l In terms of the nature of There are many traditional games. For example, on the table were playing mahjong and poker, playing on the floor of hopscotch and skipping, playing in the stadium were all kinds of ball games. The same is true for electronic games, more than making a list goes on and on. In the purchase, the player must first determine, in a variety of kinds of games, what kind of want to buy the best. This article on the readers, to help the elderly to prevent mental decline mainly, but also in line with their interests, play up Youwei, therefore, should select the type of puzzle. It includes spelling, digital maze (the so-called Sudoku Sudoku), and so on. In addition, the desktop category, such as poker, chess, but also more suitable for the elderly, but also like a detective story of the game, players play the role of the detective, participate in the case, the player can promote the use of logic and reasoning, are also candidates. / Liu Zhong 2008-11-09 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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痰濃痰稀 治法不一樣Nong Tan dilute sputum law governing not the same

痰濃痰稀 治法不一樣 【洪敬浤】一名60多歲阿嬤出門忘了多穿件衣服，隔天發燒、喉嚨痛、咳嗽，還有黃稠稠的痰液。 而這名阿嬤的好姊妹，也是一樣外出吹風，回家後感到病懨懨的，咳嗽、喉嚨癢，痰也很多，不過痰都是稀稀的。 中國醫藥大學附設醫院中醫兒科部主任張東迪說，中醫沒有「肺炎」病名，從發燒、咳嗽、痰多等症狀，歸咎於染上風邪，引起的下呼吸道毛病。肺炎在西醫領域，多半是染上病毒、細菌等病原，引起呼吸道毛病，還可能引發嚴重併發症。 兩個阿嬤去看西醫，都診斷為肺炎，醫師強調，如果嚴重點，就得把痰液送到實驗室培養，如果是細菌感染引起的，就可能得打抗生素治療。 中國附醫中醫師林彩蕙說，如果兩姊妹找中醫，前者證型為「風熱犯肺」，治療要從清熱、化痰著手，採用銀翹散、麻杏石甘湯等藥方，後者為「痰溼壅肺」，應該宣肺、化痰、健脾，治療可用二陳湯、三子養親湯。 張東迪說，中西醫觀點不同，舉肺炎為例，同樣染上風邪，依體質不同，分為「風熱」、「風寒」等證型，表現症狀、治療方法都不同。林彩蕙說，除急性期治療，中醫還強調後期調養，以益氣養陰為主，才能恢復健康。 2008-11-10 Nong Tan dilute sputum law governing not the same Mr ANG】 【-Hong, a 60-year-old grandmother forgot to go out more clothes to wear, the next day, fever, sore throat, cough, and the thick viscous yellow sputum. The woman and a good sister, the same hair out, to go home after Yan Yan's disease, cough, itchy throat, and also a lot of phlegm, but the sputum is Xi Xi. China Medical University Hospital of TCM, director of the Department of Pediatrics, said Zhang Di, Chinese medicine is no "pneumonia" disease, from fever, cough, symptoms such as Tan Duo, Feng Xie attributed to the infection, caused by lower respiratory tract illnesses. Western medicine in the area of pneumonia, the most infected with viruses, bacteria and other pathogens that cause respiratory illnesses, may also lead to serious complications. The two look at the Western woman, diagnosed with pneumonia, emphasized that physicians, if serious, would have the sputum culture sent to the laboratory, if it is caused by bacterial infection, it may have to fight antibiotic treatment. Chinese medicine practitioners attached to the medical Choi Wai-lam said that if the two sisters to find Chinese medicine, the former evidence-based "hot wind Fanfei" treatment from the heat, phlegm started using Yinqiaosan, Ma Shigan prescription, such as soup, which " Lungs phlegm obstruct "should be Xuanfei, phlegm, spleen, treatment can be used Erchen Tang, the third son of the pro-Tang Yang. Di Zhang said that China and Western point of view, cited pneumonia as an example, Feng Xie infected with the same, depending on the constitution, divided into "hot air" and "cold" evidence-based, performance of the symptoms, treatment is different. Choi Wai-lam said that in addition to the treatment of acute phase, also stressed that the late Chinese medicine be nursed back to health in order to Yiqiyangyin mainly in order to restore health. 2008-11-10 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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