冷氣房→戶外 溫差7度就過敏outdoor air-conditioned room temperature seven degrees on the allergy

冷氣房→戶外 溫差7度就過敏 　炎炎夏日，室外太陽大、室內冷氣強，小心溫差過大，引發過敏。 地球暖化導致過敏病患激增！夏天炎熱，小孩鎮日窩在冷氣房，醫師指出，室內外溫差達7度，出入冷氣房就容易誘發過敏反應，導致最近病患大增。 有研究發現，地球暖化導致氣候乾燥，間接導致結石病患增多，如今醫師發現，地球暖化也讓過敏病患更容易發作。 台北馬偕醫院小兒過敏免疫科徐世達指出，過去多認為季節交替時，氣溫突然下降，才會引發過敏反應，但是最近氣溫飆升，過敏門診病患也隨之激增二成。 徐世達說，最新的研究發現，當環境溫度驟降7度，就會誘發過敏反應，過去只有季節變化時，才會有如此劇烈的溫度變化，但是地球暖化，大家都躲在冷氣房吹冷氣，室內外溫差太大，人為造成過敏條件。 夏天正午室外動輒飆升95℉（35℃），而室內冰涼的冷氣溫度若設定在77℉（25℃），室內外溫差超過7度，有過敏體質的人，出入室內外，可能引起氣管收縮的氣喘發作。 冷熱變化劇烈的環境，加上空氣污染嚴重，不斷刺激過敏病患，敏感度越來越高，過去季節性發作的疾病，現在求診狀況可說是全年無休！過敏症狀包含異位性皮膚炎、過敏性鼻炎、氣喘以及蕁麻疹。 徐世達建議，冷氣溫度不要設定的太低。此外，緊閉門窗吹冷氣，也會導致室內空氣品質不良，累積誘發過敏物質，每天應打開門窗二小時，若是實在無法耐熱，則只好使用空氣清淨機過濾空氣。 ／韋麗文 2008-09-07 outdoor air-conditioned room temperature seven degrees on the allergy Yanyanxiari, outdoor sun, indoor air-conditioned strong, too big temperature difference between careless and trigger allergies. Global warming leading to surge in allergy patients! Hot summer, children in the town of Waterloo, air-conditioned room, the doctors pointed out that the indoor temperature of 7 degrees, it is easy access to air-conditioned room-induced allergic reaction, leading to the recent increase patients. Research has found that global warming caused the climate is arid and indirectly lead to patients suffering from more doctors now that global warming is also allergic patients more vulnerable to attack. Taipei Mackay Memorial Hospital Pediatric Allergy Immunologists XU Shi-up that the past few seasons that the turn, a sudden temperature drop will trigger allergic reactions, but the recent soaring temperatures, allergy clinic patients also will increase by 20%. XU Shi-up said that the latest study found that when the temperature dropped seven degrees, it will induce allergic reactions, only seasonal changes in the past only when there are so drastic temperature changes, but global warming, we all hide in air-conditioned room Chuileng Qi , Indoor and outdoor temperature difference too, were caused by allergic conditions. Outdoor summer noon frequently soared 95 ℉ (35 ℃), and the cool air-conditioned indoor temperature if set in 77 ℉ (25 ℃), indoor and outdoor temperature difference over seven degrees, the physical allergy, access to indoor and outdoor, may cause airway contraction Asthma attack. Intense cold and heat changes in the environment, coupled with serious air pollution, continue to stimulate the allergic patients, more high-sensitivity, in the past seasonal onset of the disease, patients can be said that the situation in the whole year round! Allergic symptoms include atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma and urticaria. XU Shi-up recommendations, not to set the air-conditioning temperature is too low. In addition, closed the doors and windows Chuileng Qi would lead to poor indoor air quality, and the cumulative induced allergic substances, should open the doors and windows every day two hours, if I can not heat resistant, but the use of clean-air filter air. / Wei Li-wen 2008-09-07 For more information, see World Journal News ePaper

瀏覽更多新聞，請看世界日報電子報 ePaper。

海水暖化 食魚中毒風險增

海水暖化 食魚中毒風險增（2007年4月3日）
全球每年5萬人中雪卡毒

聯合國最近發表的報告指出，由於海水溫度上升，大堡礁最快在2030年可能出現珊瑚白化現象。（資料圖片）

本港每年均會進行珊瑚普查研究，本港珊瑚暫未受海水溫度上升影響，整體健康良好。圖為紫小星珊瑚。（漁護署提供）

【明報專訊】聯合國本周五公布最新的氣候變化評估報告，預測全球暖化帶來的禍害。外國有研究指出，海水溫度上升，增加珊瑚死亡率，導致含雪卡毒素的海藻大量生長，再透過魚類的食物鏈累積，人類吃魚中雪卡毒的風險大幅增加，估計目前全球每年5萬人因而中毒。

菲首錄雪卡毒個案

外電報道，全球暖化令珊瑚死亡率上升，增加人類吃魚中雪卡毒的風險，菲律賓去年錄得首宗一家六口進食梭魚湯中雪卡毒個案，馬尼拉化驗魚肉後，證實是一種罕見而致命的紅潮毒素。

美國海洋學家安德森表示，近年中雪卡毒情較二三十年前嚴重，受影響地區亦不斷擴大，含雪卡毒魚類以往較常在南太平洋、加勒比海和印度洋出現，這些都是水溫較高的海域，但過去10年，雪卡毒已傳至亞洲、歐洲及美洲。

城大生物及化學系生物學講座教授林群聲表示，珊瑚與蟲黃藻共生，海水溫度上升，可能令蟲黃藻離去，導致珊瑚白化死亡，死後的珊瑚形成堅硬表面，適合含雪卡毒的藻類生長，魚類進食海藻後，毒素積聚在體內脂肪，透過食物鏈傳給其他魚，毒素含量不斷累積，人類食魚的風險亦相對增加。不過林教授指目前科學界仍未能證明海水溫度上升導致藻類增加，只能透過理論推測。

珊瑚白化死 毒海藻增生

漁護署高級海洋護理主任陳乃觀表示，不同種類的珊瑚，對溫度的容忍度各異，過去有文獻顯示，當海水上升2℃，珊瑚就開始有白化現象，意味蟲黃藻開始離去，若情持續，珊瑚會變得愈來愈白，最後死亡。本港每年均會進行珊瑚普查，過去曾錄得白化現象，但不算嚴重。本港赤柱及西貢牛尾海珊瑚較多，由於東面處於開放水域，海水流動速度較快，就算溫度上升，相信對珊瑚的影響不大。

港水流快 暖化影響小

資料顯示，本港02年中雪卡毒個案有18宗，涉及60人，到05年截至10月已有40宗，涉及120多人，有增加趨勢。

明報記者

全球暖化海洋更多毒菌

全球暖化海洋更多毒菌（2007年4月28日）More global warming marine toxin

【明報專訊】水生貝殼類動物如蠔、蜆、青口、帶子等是濾食性生物，容易攝取水中的毒藻，並會積聚在貝類的組織內，尤其內臟部分。貝類的毒素含量，則視乎其攝取的毒藻數量，另外，一些海洋細菌亦會生產毒素。而海水溫度也會增加這種毒素在海洋生物中存在的機會。

Report : shellfish aquatic animals such as oysters, clams, shellfish, such as scallops are filter-feeding organisms, easy uptake of poisonous algae in water, and accumulate in shellfish tissue, in particular visceral part. Shellfish toxin content, depending on its uptake in the number of poisonous algae, and some marine bacteria will produce toxins. And the sea water temperature will increase such toxins in marine organisms exist opportunities.

食物安全中心昨日說，麻痺性貝類毒素是天然存在；中大生化系副教授陳竟明補充，科學界相信全球暖化會增加這種天然毒素在海洋生物中存在的機會，因暖化令海水溫度上升，令海洋細菌生長得更多、更快、更早，包括會生產毒素的細菌，例如副霍亂弧菌，導致海中毒素增加。

Food safety center, said yesterday that PSP is the natural existence; Zhongshan University associate professor of the Department of Biochemistry, Chan King-ming added, the scientific community believe that global warming will increase such natural toxins in marine organisms exist, Order by warming sea temperatures rise, marine bacteria grow more, faster and earlier, including the production of the bacterial toxin. For example, Vibrio cholerae, leading to increased sea toxin.

陳竟明續稱，全球化加強各國貿易來往，海上交通頻繁亦會將毒素擴散，因細菌和藻類也可由船隻帶到另一地區，令各水域生態「大兜亂」。

Chan King-ming said that the globalization of trade between countries to strengthen sea traffic will be frequent toxins spread by bacteria and algae may also be taken to the vessel in another area, the waters "soliciting chaos."

除了貝殼類有麻痺性貝類毒素，雪卡毒素是另外一種來自海洋的毒素。有外國研究指出，全球暖化會增加珊瑚死亡率，導致含雪卡素的海藻大量生長，再透過珊瑚魚的食物鏈累積，傳給人類。

Apart from the shellfish are paralytic shellfish toxin, ciguatera is another kind from the marine toxins. Some overseas studies have indicated that global warming will increase coral mortality, lead to ciguatoxin - with the massive growth of algae, through coral reef fish food chain accumulated to humans.

港扇貝帶子多來自南中國海

香港仔漁業海鮮商會主席陳富明表示，港人食用的扇貝及帶子多來自南中國海，數量佔整體海鮮入口量一成。扇貝形似「蜆殼」，呈黃色，帶子呈深綠色長三角形狀，兩者都在深海底沙面出沒，而帶子較扇貝貴三成。

氣溫每升一度 瘧疾風險增7％

氣溫每升一度 瘧疾風險增7％（2007年4月16日）Temperatures once per liter increase in malaria risk 7%

【明報專訊】全球暖化問題迫在眉睫，港人也不能獨善其身，環保署委託理工大學進行的評估發現，只要本港氣溫上升攝氏1度，感染登革熱及瘧疾的風險分別會增加1.24％及6.7％。傳染病專科醫生勞永樂指政府不應掉以輕心，應手加強防蚊措施，以免問題惡化。

Pressing problems of global warming, people are no exception, the EPD has commissioned Hong Kong Polytechnic University to conduct the assessment found that As long as the temperature rose 1 degree Celsius, the risk of dengue fever and malaria will increase risks were 1.24% and 6.7%. Dr Lo Wing-lok of infectious disease specialists say the government should not take it lightly and should stepping up anti-mosquito measures, in order to avoid aggravation of the problem.

永樂指出，雖然環保署評估顯示，氣溫上升令港人感染瘧疾的風險較大，但實際環境較有利登革熱傳播，因為瘧蚊需要清溪繁殖，本港城市化環境其實並不適合該類蚊子生長，但傳染登革熱的白紋伊蚊卻可在積水中生長，只要氣溫上升，這些蚊的存活率便大增，間接影響人類感染風險。資料顯示，近年東南亞地區感染登革熱的個案有上升趨勢，新加坡致力推行滅蚊措施，但每年仍錄得約1萬宗個案。

有利登革熱傳播 籲加強滅蚊

不過，他認為，本港冬季至少有兩個月處於攝氏20度以下，蚊患暫得以紓緩，到春回大地才重新繁殖，情較易受控。不過，他指政府不能掉以輕心，幾年前馬灣曾爆發登革熱，顯示稍一鬆懈，情便可能失控，目前應手籌劃加強防蚊措施。

環保署委託理工大學進行的有關評估，早於04年完成，但當局一直未有公開，直至最近才將報告內容上載署方網頁。該報告全面評估全球暖化對各方面影響，除環境衛生，還有對死亡率、電力需求及生態等影響。報告估計，若本港夏天平均氣溫上升攝氏1度，便額外有6.82人死亡；當冬天平均氣溫上升1度，死亡人數便會下跌0.61。

EPD has commissioned the Polytechnic University to conduct the assessment, as early as 04 completed, the authorities have failed to open, until recently was the contents of the report will be uploaded onto the department's website. The report on a comprehensive assessment of the global warming impact, in addition to sanitation, and the mortality, electricity demand and ecological impacts. The report estimated that, if the average summer temperature rose one degree Celsius, then an additional 6.82 deaths; When winter temperatures rose an average, the number of deaths will decrease 0.61.

聯合國最新發表的報告，預測20年全球氣溫將上升0.4度，本世紀末全球氣溫較現時上升3至4度，屆時本港將沒有冬天，而環保署的評估，有可能變成事實。

The latest United Nations report forecasts 20 global temperature will rise 0.4 degrees. by the end of the century global warming than the current rise 3-4 degrees, then there will be no winter, and the EPD's assessment, may become a reality.

電費升4.5％ 需17億

氣溫上升，開冷氣的時間會愈來愈長。報告指出，當本港氣溫上升1度，全港全年電力增長平均上升4.53％，以02年的耗電量推算，一年全港便要花上約17.2億元的電費。當氣溫上升2及3度，電費增長分別為9.5％及15％。

The temperature rose, air conditioners time will become longer and longer. The report points out that when the temperatures up a degree, the annual electricity in Hong Kong rose an average growth of 4.53%. 02 to the consumption projections, the year Hong Kong will spend about 1.72 billion yuan in tariff. When the temperature rose two and three degrees, electricity growth of 9.5% and 15%.

地球之友環境事務經理朱漢強批評，政府90年代初曾成立跨部門小組，但幾年後在無聲無息下解散，他認為全球暖化問題迫在眉睫，是時候令該小組「復活」。天文台高級科學主任梁榮武表示，政府部門近年亦有就全球暖化問題溝通，例如天文台正與食環署合作，研究誘蚊指數與氣溫的關係。環保署表示，將在今年內再展開氣候變化的新一輪研究。

Friends of the Earth environmental affairs manager Shuhanjiang criticized the government of the early 1990s had set up an inter-departmental group, But after a few years under the quietly disbanded, he thought the global warming issue is imminent, so it is time for the group "Resurrection." Observatory Senior Scientific Officer Liangrongwu said that the government departments in recent years on the issue of global warming communication, For example, the Observatory is the department's cooperation, research ovitrap index and temperature relationship. EPD, will be launched within this year a new climate change a study.

明報記者 馬耀森

Ming Pao Daily News reporter Ma Yaosen