寶寶喝母乳 肺部較健康Baby to drink breast milk than healthy lung

寶寶喝母乳 肺部較健康 【本報綜合報導】英國一項研究發現，喝母乳的寶寶在童年時期肺部較健康。原因可能是吸吮的動作能增加肺活量，加上餵哺母乳的時間通常較奶瓶喝奶更長。英研究團隊已著手研發模仿母乳設計的奶瓶。 這項研究針對英國懷特島1456名10歲大的孩童為對象，這項觀察持續到他們10歲。其中三分之一的研究對象喝母乳的時間至少長達四個月。研究結果發現，這些孩子在深呼吸之後，能以較快的速度吐出較多空氣，證明他們肺部功能較良好。 研究已證實，餵母乳能讓寶寶在童年初期避免罹患呼吸器官的疾病，但和童年後期的肺部健康狀況沒有太大關聯。 根據胸腔醫學期刊（Thorax）表示，部分原因是因為吸吮的動作能增加肺活量，加上餵哺母乳的時間通常比用奶瓶喝奶更長。 英國研究團隊則認為，改變奶瓶的設計，也許也能夠達到這種效果。 位於懷德島的大衛海德氣喘與過敏研究中心阿薛德（Syed Arshad）醫師表示，「這些寶寶從事的行為，就像我們建議年紀較大的病人進行的肺部復健動作一樣。」 平均而言，吸母乳的力量是吸奶瓶力量的三倍，且吸取母乳的時間較長。 阿薛德表示，研究團隊正與奶瓶製造業者進行一項模仿餵哺母乳的奶瓶設計。他表示，「沒有人能懷疑母乳對孩童的好處，但現在我們也許能為那些無法親自餵哺母乳的婦女，設計一款相仿的奶瓶。」 2008-11-24 Baby to drink breast milk than healthy lung NEW YORK】 reports of a British study found that drinking breast milk in the baby's childhood than the health of the lungs. May be due to the sucking action to increase lung capacity, together with the breast-feeding time is usually longer than the milk bottle. British research team has begun research and development designed to mimic breast milk bottle. The study for the British Isle of Wight 1456 10-year-old children are targeted, this observation until they are 10 years old. One third of the subjects drank milk at least as long as four months. The results found that these children are in a deep breath, in order to be able to quickly spit out more air speed to prove that they are better lung function. Research has confirmed that breast-fed babies can be avoided in early childhood, suffering from respiratory diseases, but the latter part of his childhood and the health of the lungs do not have much relevance. According to the Journal of Thoracic Medicine (Thorax) said, in part because of the sucking action to increase lung capacity, together with the breast-feeding time is usually longer than milk bottle. UK research team believes that changes in the design of the bottle, may also be able to achieve this effect. David Wilder is located in the island's Hyde asthma and allergy research center Xue Afghanistan (Syed Arshad) doctor said that the "baby acts, as we suggest that older patients with pulmonary rehabilitation moves like." On average, breast-suction force of the suction bottle is three times the force and draw breast milk for a longer time. Ah Xue said that the research team is working with manufacturers to carry out a bottle to imitate the breast-feeding bottle design. He said that "no one can doubt the benefits of breast-feeding for children, but now we may be able personally to those who can not breast-feeding women, a design similar to that of the bottle." 2008-11-24 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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兒童養寵物 心靈健康成長Children pet the healthy growth of mind

兒童養寵物 心靈健康成長 孤獨感減少 照顧幼小兒童意願變強 養寵物有助避免於孩子不良心理發展。 \0\0 ●一項最新調查研究結果顯示，與不養寵物的兒童相比，養寵物的兒童更少感到孤獨，有更強的分享傾向，更願意照顧幼小的兒童。專家認為，養寵物有助於兒童心靈健康成長。 開展此項研究的是北京師範大學心理學院寵物對兒童心理健康影響課題組，研究人員在對11所普通小學的402名小學生及其家長的問卷調查基礎上，通過系統的分析研究得出了上述結論。 該課題組負責人、北京師範大學心理學院教授、博士生導師鄭日昌說：「隨著經濟發展、人民生活水平的提高和家庭結構的變化，家養動物作為『寵物』的概念逐漸淡化，而動物在人們生活中的伴侶作用越來越強，對兒童的心靈成長影響也越來越大。通過研究我們發現，這樣的影響，是利遠大於弊的。」 課題組成員、北京師範大學心理學院博士生周霞說：「獨生子女的成長環境中容易養成自我為中心、不會與人交流和分享、缺乏責任心等問題，通過調查我們認為，養寵物對於孩子避免不良心理發展具有明顯作用。」 根據調查結果，養寵物的家庭中，有53.2％的家長認為孩子更有愛心、懂得愛護弱小，有43.5％的家長認為孩子不再感到孤單，有40.9％的家長認為孩子對動物產生濃厚興趣或愛。在不養寵物的家庭中，有94.1％的兒童表示喜歡寵物，61.3％的兒童表示非常想養寵物，明確表示不想養寵物的兒童僅佔7.4％。 調查顯示，有64.4％的養寵物的家長說，在增加家庭的歡樂氣氛、減少兒童孤獨感的同時，養寵物也加大了衛生打掃工作的負擔，不過也有少數家長對防疫問題表示擔心。 （新華網） 2008-10-26 Children pet the healthy growth of mind Reduce the sense of isolation to take care of small children will of the strong Pet help to avoid undesirable psychological development of children. \ 0 \ 0 ● a new survey results show that with no dependent children, pets, pet fewer children feel lonely, there is a tendency to share more and more willing to take care of small children. Experts believe that keeping pets contribute to the healthy growth of children in mind. The study was carried out of Beijing Normal University Institute of Mental pets on the mental health of children affected group, the researchers in 11 of the 402 ordinary primary school pupils and their parents in the survey, based on systematic analysis of the adoption of the above-mentioned study Conclusion. The group is responsible, Beijing Normal University psychology professor, doctoral tutor Cheng-chang said: "With economic development, raising people's living standards and changes in the structure of the family, domestic animals as pets' concept gradually weakened, and in animals People living in the growing role of the partner, the spiritual growth of children affected is also increasing. We have found through research, so that the impact of benefit is much greater than the disadvantages. " Members of the group, the Institute of Psychology of Beijing Normal University doctoral student Zhou said: "The one-child growing up in easy to develop self-centered, not people with the exchange and sharing of a lack of sense of responsibility and so on, through investigation, in our view, for keeping pets To avoid the psychological development of children with obvious adverse effects. " According to the survey, the family pet, 53.2 percent of parents think that children love more, know how to care for the weak, with 43.5 percent of parents think that children are no longer alone, 40.9 percent of parents believe that children have a keen interest in animals or爱. Without the family pet, 94.1 percent said children like pets, 61.3 percent said children would very much like to pet, do not want to pet it clear that only 7.4 percent of the children. Investigation showed that 64.4 percent of the pet's parents said that family atmosphere, to reduce the loneliness of children at the same time, keeping pets also increased the burden on the health of the cleaning work, but a small number of parents expressed concern about the issue of prevention. (Xinhua) 2008-10-26 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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不讓孩子挑食 爸媽常犯6錯Children not being choosy food parents often guilty of wrong 6

不讓孩子挑食 爸媽常犯6錯 ●挑食，是兒童發育過程中的正常情形。孩子通常不信任沒吃過的食物，即使最堅定的父母都被兒童的決心屈服，不嘗試提供不同的食物。他們端出鬆餅、泡芙，即使知道這樣不對，「但總比不吃好。」 「巧克力牛奶、巧克力洋芋片、巧克力鬆餅、巧克力薄煎餅…難以相信」兒童營養輔導員瓦若貝說，孩子大都是挑食的，但這個例子令人驚訝！這個學齡前兒童，去年一年的主食是巧克力。 據紐約時報報導，瓦若貝是紐澤西州魯特格大學的學齡前營養系主任，她說，這孩子的母親認為，「孩子想吃什麼，我就煮什麼。」 多數父母不會這樣，他們嘗試每日挑戰、發現孩子喜歡吃的食物。許多父母擔心兒童的首選飲食──雞塊和義大利麵，可能導致營養缺乏。 瓦若貝說，父母必須提供各種各樣健康食物，讓孩子經常接觸這些食物。她綜合整理出父母常犯的六個飲食錯誤，如下： 1.孩子，你不要進廚房 遠離火爐、熱開水和菜刀。但研究建議，參與準備膳食，是孩子嘗試新食物的第一步。 哥倫比亞大學研究「孩子參與烹調對飲食習慣的影響」，600個孩子參加營養課程，從幼稚園到六年級，他們幾乎會吃更多蔬菜五穀。有些孩子除了學會健康的吃，也參與烹調，孩子自己煮食，效果最好。 2.孩子，你至少吃一口 孩子不想吃的食物，父母可能認為「至少吃一口」是合理的，但經常事與願違。當父母逼孩子「至少吃一口」時，即使恩威並施，孩子仍會消極抵制。賓州大學的研究中，研究員和孩子說明，如果吃蔬菜、喝牛奶，就送他們貼紙、允許看電視時間，但獎勵反而使孩子對這些食物反感。 「父母常對孩子說，吃蔬菜喝牛奶就可以看電視，但這起不了作用。」賓大兒童肥胖研究中心主任伯區說，「短期內，也許能強制孩子吃，但長遠看，沒效果。」 3.孩子，別想拿到美食 父母擔心孩子大吃特吃，因此常把孩子愛吃的食物放在視線外或高架上。但一個大型研究顯示，父母「控制下」的食物，孩子更想要吃。 賓州大學做了個實驗，觀察被制約的食物是否更具吸引力。 研究員給孩子蘋果、桃子餅，兩樣都可以吃，他們覺得還OK。另一個對照組，桃子餅放在桌子中間，他們得忍耐10分鐘，才可以任意吃。結果，制約效果很強：孩子吃下桃子餅份量比蘋果高三倍。 父母得到什麼教訓？把食物放在桌上，鼓勵孩子嘗試，但不要抱怨被孩子拒絕，如果孩子吃了也不要稱讚。只要設法保持中立態度。只要問孩子，要不要多吃一些。 4.孩子，這雖不可口，但卡路里低 父母提供乏味的食物，孩子只會勉強吃，無精打采。營養師建議父母，把食物弄得色香味俱全，譬如加少許奶油、起司調味料或紅糖，這都可增加食欲，吃得津津有味。 針對五歲女孩的研究，一個孩子把巧克力奶昔加入節食食譜裡，她的母親本來喝的是低脂飲料。另個孩子說，節食意味「您適應食物，但您根本不愛吃它。」 增加少許脂肪到菜裡面，可以開胃。而增加的少數額外卡路里，是一種營養助力，這個代價絕對值得。 5.孩子，健康食物放在你面前 孩子看到父母親在吃什麼東西，也會要吃。一項研究發現，學齡前兒童傾向於喜歡或拒絕父母喜歡或不喜歡的蔬菜水果。如果母親不喜歡蔬菜，孩子可能變得挑食。 想減肥或正在瘦身的父母，也會影響孩子的飲食習慣，孩子無意間也跟著減重了。 另一個問題是，多數人不忌食，經常狂歡飲食，體重增加，也讓幼兒處於飲食失調或終身都得慢性節食的風險。 「多數母親不認為孩子會學她們，其實孩子是會的。」 伯區博士說，「父母的身教，會影響孩子。」 6.孩子，你不吃，但我放在桌上 瓦若貝說她經常聽見父母抱怨，「我的孩子不吃那個的。」但她說，孩子現在可能如此，但每個人嗜食的菜餚會經常改變。 因此即使孩子拒絕嘗試，父母應繼續準備各種健康食物放在桌上。不要輕易放棄，也別忘了，兄弟姊妹和同儕可能改變兒童飲食習慣。 營養師蘇珊羅伯特提出所謂「15法則」：把食物放在桌上至少15次，看孩子是否接受。一旦他們接受，父母應選擇同色澤、同口味的食物提供嚐試。 「做為父母，你應該決定給孩子吃什麼。」瓦若貝說，「但你必須放輕鬆，瞭解孩子正一天天成長，他們嗜食的東西將變得不同。」 （本報綜合報導） 2008-10-26 Children not being choosy food parents often guilty of wrong 6 ● choosy food, child development is the normal course of the case. Children usually do not trust not eaten before, even the most determined parents of the children are determined to yield and not try to offer various types of food. They brought muffins, puff, do not even know, "but do not eat better than good." "Chocolate milk, chocolate, potato chips, chocolate muffins, chocolate pancake ... hard to believe that" child nutrition counselor if Tony Watt said that the children are picky eaters, but this example is surprising! The pre-school children, last year's chocolate is a staple food. According to The New York Times reported that if Tony is a tile Rutger University in New Jersey preschool Head of the Department of Nutrition, she said, the mother of the view that "children want to eat what I cook anything." Most parents do not, they try to challenge daily, found that children like to eat the food. Many parents worry about children's food choice ─ ─ chicken and pasta, can lead to nutritional deficiencies. Watt said that if the bay, parents must provide a wide range of healthy foods so that children frequent contact with these foods. Her parents come up with a comprehensive six common diet mistakes are as follows: 1. Child, you do not kitchen Away from the stove, hot water and kitchen knife. However, the proposed study, to participate in meal preparation, the child is the first step to try new foods. Columbia University study, "the children involved in cooking on the eating habits of the impact of" 600 children to participate in nutrition programs, from kindergarten to sixth grade, they will almost eat more vegetables crops. In addition, some children learn to eat healthy, are also involved in cooking, cooking their own children, the best results. 2. Child, you eat at least a Children do not want to eat the food, parents may think that "at least eat a" reasonable, but often did not. When parents force children "eat at least an" even if Mr Mathias and the children will continue to resist the negative. University of Pennsylvania study, researchers and children that, if the vegetables to eat, drink milk, they send stickers to allow time to watch TV, but it rewards the children of these food aversion. "Parents often tell their children that eating vegetables, drinking milk can watch TV, but no effects at all." Penn childhood obesity research director of the Center for Bo District, said, "In the short term, may be able to enforce their children to eat, but the long-term view, not Effect. " 3. Children should not even think about getting food Parents fear their children to suck up special food, so often a child's favorite food on the elevated line of sight or on the outside. However, a large-scale studies have shown that parents "controlled" foods, children want to eat more. University of Pennsylvania made an experiment to observe the constraints of the food was more attractive. Fellow children Apple, peach pie, the two can eat, they also feel OK. Another group, the peach pie on the table in the middle, they have to be patient for 10 minutes before they can eat. As a result, very strong constraints effect: children eating peach pie three times more weight than Apple. What parents learned? The food on the table to encourage children to try, but do not complain that their children were rejected, if the children do not eat the praise. As long sought to maintain a neutral stance. As long as the child asked, should not have to eat some. 4. Child, it is not delicious, but low-calorie Boring parents to provide food, children eat only reluctantly, listless. Dietitian recommends that parents make the food color cooking methods, such as the need to be raised butter, cheese sauce or brown sugar, which can increase appetite and eat with relish. For the five-year-old girl, a child's accession to the chocolate milkshake diet recipes, her mother would have to drink the beverage is a low-fat. Another child said, means diet, "you adapt to the food, but you do not like it." A little fat to increase food inside, can be an appetizer. The increase of a few extra calories, is a nutrition assistance, this is worth the price. 5. Children, health food in front of you Children see their parents eating something will eat. A study found that pre-school children tend to love or reject their parents like it or not, the fruits and vegetables. If the mother does not like vegetables, children may become picky eaters. Want to lose weight or are in the process of downsizing their parents, will also affect the eating habits of children, child accidentally followed a weight loss. Another problem is that the majority of Jisi people do not often Carnival eating, weight gain, but also eating disorders in young children have chronic or life-long diet of risk. "Most mothers do not think that children will learn that they, in fact, the children will." Bo District, said, "parents sex education in the family will affect their children." 6. Child, you do not eat, but I am on the table If Tony Watt said she often heard parents complain, "I do not eat the children of that." However, she said, children may now be the case, but everyone preferable to change the dishes frequently. Therefore, even if the child refuses to try, parents should continue to prepare a variety of healthy food on the table. Do not give up easily, and do not forget, siblings and peers may change the eating habits of children. Robert dietitian Susan so-called "rule 15": the food on the table for at least 15 times, to see whether or not to accept the child. Once they accept that parents should choose the same color, with the taste of food to try to provide. "As parents, you should decide what their children eat." Tile if Tony said, "but you have to relax, understand their children are growing day by day, they are preferable things will be different." (This roundup) 2008-10-26 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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讀書消耗熱量 愛看童話的孩子 不易胖Energy consumption reading fairy tales like to watch the fat child is not easy

讀書消耗熱量 愛看童話的孩子 不易胖 ●閱讀能提高人們的思考力和邏輯性，尤其對孩子的語言能力大有幫助。而科學家的最新研究稱，讀書能幫助人們消耗熱量。如果孩子小時候喜歡讀童話書，那麼今後發胖的機率就會降低。這一研究刊登在英國「每日郵報」上。 美國北卡羅萊納州杜克兒童醫院研究人員讓31名9到13歲的肥胖孩子閱讀童話和兒童小說，並在這些讀物中加入一些關於健康生活方式和減肥指南的內容。結果發現，參與閱讀的孩子體脂肪(BMI)降低了近1%，而沒有堅持閱讀的孩子，體質指數則增加了0.5%。 研究人員薩拉‧阿姆斯特朗表示，讀書減肥近來受到許多人的關注。對孩子來說，童話最能吸引他們的興趣，使得他們在閱讀過程中消耗更多的熱量。同時，健康的童話故事能讓孩子積極成長，養成好的生活方式。而對成人來說，閱讀引人入勝的小說則能起到同樣的效果，這不僅能消耗熱量，而且會減少人們吃零食的欲望。 研究人員號召家長培養孩子的閱讀習慣，「這不僅可以幫助他們學習，而且能夠預防肥胖。」 嬰兒能辨別悲歡樂曲 此外，美國研究人員發現，嬰兒在5個月大時就能從一組音樂中辨別出歡快的樂曲；到9個月大時，他們就能「挑」出憂傷的樂曲。 據報導，美國楊百翰大學研究人員向一名5個月大的嬰兒展示一張沒有表情的面孔，同時播放悲傷的音樂。 當嬰兒注意力轉移，把目光從面孔上移開後，研究人員停止音樂，然後換一首樂曲。 研究發現，當貝多芬第九交響曲第四樂章「歡樂頌」響起時，嬰兒目光在面孔上停留的時間比其他樂曲長3秒至4秒，說明他（她）意識到了樂曲基調發生轉變。9個月大的嬰兒則能從一組樂曲中辨別出貝多芬第七交響曲的淒楚旋律。 研究報告作者、楊百翰大學心理學教授羅斯‧弗洛姆說，這一發現能幫助人們了解嬰兒在學會說話之前是如何認知世界的。他說，嬰兒最早理解的事情之一就是情感，對他們而言，旋律即信息。 這一研究成果將刊登在「嬰兒行為和發展」雜誌上。（新華網） 2008-10-26 Energy consumption reading fairy tales like to watch the fat child is not easy ● reading can improve people's thinking and logic, especially the language skills of children go a long way. The scientists said the latest research, the study can help people consume calories. If a child likes to read fairy tales as a child, so in the future will reduce the chance of becoming obese. The study, published in the UK "Daily Mail". U.S., North Carolina, Duke Children's Hospital researchers let 31 9-13 year-old obese children to read fairy tales and children's fiction, and in these books to add some information about a healthy lifestyle and diet guidelines. It was found that children involved in reading body fat (BMI) by nearly 1% lower, but not adhere to the reading of children, body mass index increased by 0.5 percent. Researchers ‧ Sarah Armstrong said that the recent study by many people to lose weight. Children, the children's best interest to attract them, making them read in the course of the consumption of more calories. At the same time, the health of fairy tales allow children to grow actively, to develop a better way of life. For adults, read the fascinating story can play the same effect, which not only consume energy but also reduce people's desire to eat snacks. The researchers called on parents to help children's reading habits, "This will not only help them learn, but also the prevention of obesity." Infants can identify music joys and sorrows In addition, U.S. researchers found that babies 5 months of age will be able to identify a set of music in a cheerful music; to 9-month-old, they will be able to "pick" a sad music. It has been reported from Brigham Young University researchers to a 5-month-old baby did not show an expression of the face, at the same time sad music player. When the baby attention, to look away from the face, the researchers stopped the music, and then for a musical. The study found that when the fourth movement of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony "Ode to Joy" rang, the baby's face in the eyes stay longer than any other music 3-4 seconds, he (she) has been aware of the music to change the tone. 9-month-old baby from a set piece is identified in Beethoven's Seventh Symphony Qichu melody. Author of the study, Brigham Young University psychology professor Ross ‧ Fromm said that this discovery will help people understand the baby is how to learn to speak before the perception of the world. He said that the first baby to understand the emotion is one of the things on them, the melody that information. The research results will be published in the "infant behavior and development" magazine. (Xinhua) 2008-10-26 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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英國心臟病基金會警告 兒童迷電視 易患心臟病fans of television for children susceptible to heart disease

英國心臟病基金會警告 兒童迷電視 易患心臟病 ●英國心臟病基金會警告，老泡在電視機前的年輕新一代，長大後大有可能要面對患上心臟病的危機，除非這些兒童「電視專家」多做運動及遵照較健康的飲食模式，否則會有愈來愈多人年紀輕輕便死於冠心病。 基金會發表的一份報告顯示，超過三分之一英格蘭及威爾士地區的兒童，未達建議的最低運動量，其中數青春期少女最不活躍。 基金會發言人表示：「年輕猝亡率近年持續下降，但隨著兒童缺乏運動，數字勢將再次上升，因此我們是時候要做出行動改善扭轉這情況。」 目前，肥胖被公認為日趨嚴重的青少年問題，少年人大都花大量時間看電視或玩電腦，並愛好快熟、營養差的「垃圾食物」，導致身體健康差劣。 為對抗患上心臟病的危機，當局建議五至18歲的青少年，每天至少做一個小時適度運動，如踏腳車，跑步，跳舞或其他競技運動等。 （中新網） 2008-10-26 British Heart Foundation warned that fans of television for children susceptible to heart disease ● British Heart Foundation warned that the old foam in front of the television's new generation of young, is likely to grow up to face the risk of heart disease crisis, unless the children "TV expert" to exercise regularly and follow a healthy diet Mode, or else there will be more and more young people will die of coronary heart disease. Foundation published a report showed that more than one-third of the England and Wales for children, less than the recommended minimum amount of exercise, in which a number of adolescent girls the least active. Foundation spokesman said: "The young abrupt death rate continued to decline in recent years, but with children, lack of exercise, the number will rise again, so we have to make time to reverse this action to improve the situation." At present, obesity is recognized as an increasingly serious problem of young people, most of the young person to spend a lot of time watching TV or playing computer and instant-loving, poor nutrition, "junk food", resulting in poor health. For the fight against heart disease suffer from the crisis, it is proposed that 5-18 year-olds, so every day for at least an hour moderate exercise, such as vehicles running, running, dancing or other sports, and so on. (BEIJING) 2008-10-26 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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兒童眼睛意外多在家中被剪刀及筆戳到最多Children's eye accidents at home were more than scissors and pens up to Chuodao

兒童眼睛意外多在家中被剪刀及筆戳到最多 兒童眼睛意外多在家中被剪刀及筆戳到最多。 ●兒童最容易發生眼球傷害的場所竟是家中，受傷原因最多的是被剪刀及筆戳到，男生比率是女生兩倍，約有四成傷者即使經過治療，視力仍會受損。 台灣成功大學附設醫院眼科主治醫師劉美伶表示，外傷是造成兒童失明的主要原因之一，因此眼科部最近針對該院1988到2006年5年間，接獲的15歲以下眼科急診住院個案進行統計。 總計有156個案例，其中男生106人、女生50人，平均年齡7歲，男生最常受傷的地點在家中，有16人，其次是學校10人，女生最常受傷也在家中有8人，其次是街上有6人。 造成受傷的原因中，最多的是被剪刀戳中，共有21人、占全部的14%，其次是筆，有19人、占12%，再來是眼鏡破裂有12人、占8%，其他原因還有很多，像被貓或鳥的爪子抓中、被清潔劑噴到，被香戳到等。 其中傷勢最嚴重的是被除草機噴起的小石頭擊中的病例，因眼球破裂，雖經手術縫合、但仍幾乎全盲；全部的個案中，約有53%視力能恢復到0.5以上的良好程度，視力中等約0.2到0.4之間占10%，視力在0.1以上的則有23%，其他則恢復情況不明，視力受損約有四成。有些留下後遺症，連外觀都受影響。 其中有一位9歲男童的病例，下雨天時被同行一起回家的堂弟突然張開的雨傘戳中，造成眼角膜破裂，經手術治療視力仍受損，特別的是堂兄弟的感情非常好，堂兄擔心堂弟因此被挨罵，治療過程中即使很痛也不敢哭鬧，讓醫護人員覺得感動。 劉美伶提醒，一旦眼睛遭受外傷，千萬不要勉強撐開眼皮檢查，或是取出異物，如果被化學物灼傷，應用乾淨的水至少沖洗20分鐘，以免傷勢更嚴重，而幼小的兒童因表達能力不佳，家長須特別注意，有異狀就應送醫以免延誤治療。（修瑞瑩） 2008-10-04 Children's eye accidents at home were more than scissors and pens up to Chuodao Children's eye accidents at home were more than scissors and pens Chuodao up. ● children most vulnerable to injury eyeball the place was at home, the reasons for the largest number of injured was Chuodao pen and scissors, the ratio of boys and girls are twice as about 40 injured even after treatment, the vision will be impaired. Taiwan Cheng Kung University Eye Hospital attending physician, said Liu Meiling, the injury was caused by blind children, one of the main reasons, the Department of Ophthalmology recently the hospital for 1988-2006 5-year period, received 15 years of age ophthalmic hospital emergency cases and statistics. A total of 156 cases, of which 106 were boys and 50 girls, the average age of 7-year-old boys were injured most of the sites at home, 16, followed by the 10 school girls are the most common injuries at home, 8, This was followed by the 6 people on the street. The cause of injury, is the largest stamp scissors, a total of 21, accounting for 14% of the total, followed by the pen, 19, or 12%, then there is a breakdown of glasses and 12, accounting for 8%, other There are many reasons, like a cat or a bird's claws grasp, was sprayed detergent, such as Hong Chuodao. One of the most serious injury was the weeder is sprayed from a small stone hit the case, as a result of the breakdown of the eye, despite surgical suture, but almost blind; all of the cases, about 53% of vision can be restored to more than 0.5 good Degree of visual medium, about 0.2 to 0.4 between 10% and 0.1 vision in more than 23%, while other recovery is unknown, about 40 visually impaired. Some left after-effects, even the appearance of all affected. Among them, a 9-year-old boy's case, rainy day when he was the cousin of the same home along with all of a sudden open an umbrella in the stamp, resulting in the breakdown of the cornea, the eye surgery is still impaired, in particular, is the cousin of the very emotional , And cousin were worried cousin scolded, even if in the course of the treatment of pain did not dare to cry, so that health care workers feel moved. Liu Meiling reminded, once suffered eye injuries, do not check eyes barely open, or remove the foreign body, chemical burns if applied to clean water washed at least 20 minutes in order to avoid more serious injury, and small children as a result of expression Poor parents to pay special attention to the Yizhuang should be taken to hospital in order not to delay treatment. (Rui Ying Xiu) 2008-10-04 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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營養不均衡 影響智力發育Nutrition does not affect the balance of mental development

營養不均衡 影響智力發育 �� ●你的孩子平常都吃什麼？學童正值發育階段，唯有均衡飲食，才能獲得足夠的營養而正常發育，但不少家長只顧著把孩子餵飽，卻忽略均衡飲食的重要性，不僅導致孩子營養失衡，也影響他們的智力發育。 台北醫學大學附設醫院營養室主任蘇秀悅說，在日常所需的六大類食物中，她們針對其中的五榖根莖類、蛋魚肉豆類、蔬菜類、水果類等四種進行評估。就晚餐來說，如果是7～9歲的學童，她建議每餐應吃一碗白飯、一份肉類、一碟蔬菜及一份水果；若是10～12歲的學童，白飯可增至一碗半，其他三類的份量則不變。蘇秀悅說，五穀根莖類如米飯、麵包不足，小朋友可能體重過輕；蔬果吃太少則會缺乏維生素，可能會影響成長；小朋友如果外食機會多，容易攝取過多脂肪和糖類，也會養成偏食習慣。。 台北醫學大學附設醫院副院長、小兒神經學專家葉健全強調，6到12歲是小朋友發育的黃金年齡，可說是智力、視力、生長力及免疫力「健康四力」的關鍵階段，一定要從均衡飲食中攝取必要的營養素，才能頭好壯壯，健康成長。 如何才能補充「健康四力」？除均衡飲食外，葉健全建議家長可另為孩子補充營養素。其中，可提升智力的營養素是蛋白質、DHA、維生素B群及鐵質；提供視力的營養素有DHA、維生素A、貝它胡蘿蔔素；增加生長力的營養素有蛋白質、維生素B群、鈣質、鐵質及錳、鋅、鎂等微量元素；至於增強免疫力的營養素則有維生素C、貝它胡蘿蔔素及錳、鋅、鎂等微量元素。 蘇秀悅指出，五穀根莖類包括五穀、澱粉；蛋魚肉豆類有蛋、魚、肉、海鮮和豆製品；蔬菜類有紅蘿蔔、洋蔥、金針、香菇、各種葉菜類、瓜類等；水果類如蘋果、香蕉、水梨、西瓜、木瓜、番石榴、柳丁等。（施靜茹） 2008-10-04 Nutrition does not affect the balance of mental development ● your child usually eat what? When the students development stage, only a balanced diet, get adequate nutrition and normal growth, but many parents of only children to feed, they lose sight of the importance of a balanced diet, not only lead to child nutrition imbalance, but also their intellectual Development. Taipei Medical University Hospital director of the nutrition Suxiu Yue said that in the day-to-day requirements of the six major categories of food, for they are one of the five types of grain roots, eggs and beans, fish, vegetables, fruits, such as an assessment of four. On the dinner, if it is 7 to 9-year-old children, she suggested that each meal should eat a bowl of rice, a meat, a dish of vegetables and fruits a; if 10 to 12-year-old children, a bowl of rice could be increased to a Bowl and a half, the weight of the other three categories will remain unchanged. Suxiu Yue said that rhizome types of crops such as rice, bread shortage, the children may have weight; eat too few fruits and vegetables will be a lack of vitamins, may affect growth; if the children more opportunities for eating out, easy to over-intake of fat and sugar, will be used to develop a partial eclipse . . Taipei Medical University Hospital, vice president of children and improve neurological expert Ye stressed that the 6-12 year-old children is the development of the golden age, can be said to be intelligence, vision, power and the growth of immunity, "the health of four power" critical stage, we must From a balanced diet intake of nutrients necessary in order to head Zhuangzhuang good, healthy growth. How can we add "healthy four power"? In addition to a balanced diet, parents can leaf sound recommendations for another child to add nutrients. Which can enhance the intelligence of the protein is the nutrient, DHA, iron and vitamin B group; to provide a vision of the nutrients DHA, vitamin A, beta carotene; increase in the strength of growth nutrients are protein, vitamin B group, calcium, iron And the quality manganese, zinc, magnesium, and other trace elements; As for the enhancement of the immune system, there are nutrients vitamin C, beta carotene and manganese, zinc, magnesium, and other trace elements. Su Xiuyue pointed out that the type of root crops, including grain, starch; beans fish eggs are eggs, fish, meat, seafood and bean products; vegetables are carrots, onions, lilies, mushrooms, various types of leafy vegetables, melons, etc.; fruits such as apples, Banana, pear, watermelon, papaya, guava, oranges and so on. (Shi Jing-ru) 2008-10-04 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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6-10歲 思考期 遊戲動動腦6-10 years old thinking minds fixed period of the game

6-10歲 思考期 遊戲動動腦 　動物大風吹 　相撲大力士 【曾希文】6到10歲的孩子，開始冒出自己想法，漸漸會思考，懂得舉一反三，雲門舞集舞蹈教室老師呂秋燕表示，透過遊戲，可讓孩子表達對生活事物的看法，也有助於肌肉體能發展，增加平衡感、協調性控制，自然健康成長。 提問＋提示 呂秋燕說，這個年紀的孩子，身心逐步發展當中，爸爸媽媽可以多問孩子，「你的想法是什麼？」、「這件事，你覺得感覺怎麼樣？」等，和孩子討論分享，或有時給予一點提示，幫助孩子充分表現自我。 孩子都玩愛遊戲，其實遊戲當中也有大道理，呂秋燕為6至10歲孩子設計的遊戲包括「彈力橡皮筋」、「相撲大力士」、「動物大風吹」，都是屬於比較活潑、運用力量、全身性的遊戲。 「我覺得6至10歲的孩子，最重要的就是培養體能」。呂秋燕說，因為健康和體力才是真正的本錢，建議爸媽每天為安排孩子有個跑跑跳跳的時間，例如多到戶外公園，時間至少1個小時。 運動＋動腦 在「彈力橡皮筋」遊戲當中，繩子遊戲必須先準備橡皮筋，家長和孩子一起共編橡皮筋繩，也是增加彼此感情，分工合作，小朋友手部肌肉也獲得活動。玩「彈力橡皮筋」，需要全身協調性，尤其孩子必須目測繩子的高低和距離。 呂秋燕表示，目測距離的能力，和孩子大腦前庭的發展有關，有些孩子前庭刺激不足，可能會出現一直踩線，或不斷勾到繩子的情況，爸爸媽媽可從中觀察留意。 專注＋耐心 平常還有一些和孩子玩距離遊戲的方法，例如讓孩子猜眼前一段距離要走幾步？是大步還是小步呢？如果改用手掌，大約是幾個？然後讓孩子親自去試，實地走走看，看自己猜的到底準不準，藉此練習對距離的認知。 其實玩遊戲，通常需要多種能力的應用和配合，玩遊戲的時候，孩子必須很專注，也是培養耐心。 （示範及動作設計：台灣雲門舞集舞蹈教室老師呂秋燕） 動物大風吹 動一動：大風吹，相信每個人都玩過，遊戲可選在家中客廳進行，爸爸媽媽和孩子選定位置坐好，大家輪流出題。 目的：大風吹是老少咸宜，很容易帶動氣氛的遊戲，適合全家人一起玩，透過題目和答案，增進彼此了解和趣味話題。 進階版：除了比誰能搶到位子，出題目的人還可以要求變化移動的方式。例如，「小白兔跳」、「大象走路」等，每個人就要以跳的、模仿大象的特徵，找到新的位子。也可變化速度，例如「很慢很慢的烏龜」，那最後一個到位子的人，才算贏喔！ 彈力橡皮筋 動一動：利用簡單可取得的橡皮筋，爸爸媽媽先和孩子一起合作，編織一條長長的橡皮筋繩。完成之後，爸爸媽媽負責拉住繩子兩端，如果只有兩個人，搬一張椅子，固定一段，然後控制高度，從低處開始，讓孩子試著用單腳或雙腳，甚至任何方式跳過繩子。 目的：這個遊戲，可能會讓不少爸爸媽媽勾起童年記憶，但現代小孩，玩這種單純遊戲的機會反而不多。繩子可讓孩子練習準確目測距離，想辦法跳過繩子也是一大挑戰，增加身體協調性。 進階版：可邊跳邊念歌謠，如「小皮球香蕉油」、「城門城門雞蛋糕」，跳法配合歌謠節奏。 相撲大力士 動一動：看過電視上的日本相撲吧！兩個人為一組，爸爸或媽媽和孩子面對面，彼此相隔一大步，兩人手對手使力，誰先跌倒就輸囉！ 目的：玩相撲可讓孩子練習力氣的運用，體會力道變化的巧妙之處，不一定用蠻力就能贏。想要出力，兩腳就得站穩。爸爸媽媽適度禮讓孩子，讓小朋友享受勝利的感覺。 進階版：也可利用童軍繩，一人拉一端，放在自己腰際。膝蓋微彎，互比腰力，誰先移動就輸啦！玩相撲的時候，也可以加入「表情」，讓對方笑場，也算戰術之一。 2008-09-24 6-10 years old thinking minds fixed period of the game Large animals, the wind Hercules sumo Hickman has】 【6-10 year-olds start up their own ideas, gradually will be thinking, know how to judge the whole, the Cloud Gate Dance Theater, a dance studio teacher Lvqiu Yan said that through the game allows children to express their views on living things, but also contribute to the Physical muscle development, increased sense of balance, coordination and control of natural healthy growth. + Prompt questions Lvqiu Yan said that the children of this age, physical and mental development step by step, parents can ask their children, "What are you thinking?" And "the matter, how do you feel that?" And so on, and discuss their children to share, or Sometimes a little to give tips to help children fully self-expression. Children love to play the game, in fact, the game is also among the major principles, Lv Qiuyan for 6-10 year-old children, including the design of the game, "elastic rubber band", "Hercules Sumo," "Animal big wind", are relatively active, the use of force , The body of the game. "I think 6-10 year-olds, the most important thing is physical training." Lvqiu Yan said that because of health and physical strength is the real capital, the proposed arrangements for the day, parents have their children skip along the time, for example, the number of outdoor parks, at least 1 hour. + Minds campaign "Elastic rubber band" of the game, the game must be prepared to rope rubber band, parents and children together for a total of rubber band to justice, but also increase the feelings of each other, a division of labor, children have access to hand muscle activity. Play "elastic rubber band," the need to coordinate the body, in particular, children must be of high and low rope and visual distance. Lvqiu Yan said that the visual distance capabilities, and the brain child of the vestibular development, and some children less than vestibular stimulation, there may be a step on the line has been, or continue to hook to the rope, parents can watch from observation. + Focus on patient There are also common and children away from playing the game, for example, allow children to guess a few steps in front a long way to go? Is a big step or small step? If you use the palm of your hand, is about a few? And then let the children go to trial in person, on-site visit, to see themselves in the end the accurate guess, to take this away from the practice of cognition. In fact, play games, usually require a variety of applications and the ability to meet, play games, the children must be very focused, but also cultivate patience. (Model design and action: Taiwan Cloud Gate Dance Theater, a dance studio teacher Lvqiu Yan) Large animals, the wind Dong Yidong: the wind, I believe that everyone played the game optional living room at home, parents and children to sit in selected locations, and we take turns out the title. Objective: the wind is the big family, it is easy to promote an atmosphere of the game for the whole family to play together through the subject and answers, enhance mutual understanding and interesting topic. Advanced version: In addition to the more than who can grab a seat, a topic also can request changes in the movement. For example, the "little rabbit hop" and "elephant walk" and so on, everyone should jump to, and imitate the characteristics of an elephant, to find a new place. Can also change the speed, such as "slow is slow tortoise", and that the last-place, winning only Oh! Elastic rubber band Dong Yidong: simple rubber band can be achieved, parents and children to work together, weaving a long rope rubber band. After the completion of the parents is responsible for pulling both ends of the rope, if only two people to move a chair, for a fixed, and then a high degree of control from the start low and let the children try to use one leg or legs, and even jump in any way Over the rope. Objective: This game may make a lot of parents brought back childhood memories, but the modern child, play this simple game but not many opportunities. Rope allows children to practice accurate visual distance, find a way to skip rope is a great challenge to increase physical coordination. Advanced version: Edge edges to study dance songs such as "small ball banana oil" and "Shing Mun chicken pie," Law hop songs with rhythm. Hercules sumo Dong Yidong: seen on television in Japan Sumo it! A group of two people, father or mother and child face-to-face, a big gap between the two hands so that the opponent, who fell on to lose Hello! Objective: To allow children to play sumo practice the use of energy, experience changes in the strength of the trick may not be able to use brute force to win. 'd Like to contribute, both feet must stand firm. Parents appropriate comity children to enable children to enjoy the feeling of victory. Advanced version: Scout may also make use of ropes, pull one end, on his waist. Microbend knee each other than Yao Li, who move on to lose it! Sumo play, can join the "expression" and the other side smiling field, but also one of the tactical balance. 2008-09-24 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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兒童上魔術課 有助增強自信Children on a magic class will help to increase self-confidence

兒童上魔術課 有助增強自信 【新華社】英國一項研究發現，給孩子們上魔術課有助於增強兒童自信心和自律能力。據英國「每日郵報」日前報導，英國赫特福德郡大學心理學家、前專業魔術師理查德·懷斯曼教授等人開展一項魔術課效果研究後，得出了上述結論。 懷斯曼等人從赫特福德郡兩所小學中選取60名學生，把他們分成兩組。一組學生在一所「魔術學校」上1小時魔術課程，學習「把從中間剪斷的繩子恢復成原樣」等兩項簡單魔術，並按要求根據提示反復練習；另一組學生上傳統的「個人健康和社會教育」課程，在課上參與講故事、角色扮演和討論活動。 研究人員在課程前後分別通過問卷形式對這60名學生展開調查。懷斯曼說，結果顯示，雖然兩種課程都增強了他們的自信心，但魔術課遠比傳統課程有效。他發現，自信心不足的害羞孩子從魔術課程中受益最大。研究人員解釋說，要想成功表演「戲法」，孩子們必須反復練習。這能提升他們的自律能力和注意力。 在學習如何向同學展示「絕活」的過程中，孩子們的自信心能得到提高。而且孩子們必須思考觀眾將如何觀看他們的表演，如何避免「露餡兒」，這能讓他們換位思考，社交技能得以提升。 2008-09-30 Children on a magic class will help to increase self-confidence Xinhua News Agency】 【a British study found that the children's magic lessons to enhance children's self-confidence and self-discipline. According to the British "Daily Mail" reported a few days ago, the British University of Hertfordshire psychologist, the former professional magician, Professor Richard Wiseman and others to carry out a study on effects of magic class, come to this conclusion . Wiseman and others from two primary schools in Hertfordshire to select 60 students, they were divided into two groups. A group of students in a "magic school" Magic 1 hour course on "from the middle of the rope cut into the resumption as" two simple magic, as required under the repeated exercise tips; another group of students on the traditional "Personal health and social education" courses in the class to participate in story-telling, role-playing activities and discussion. Researchers at the course before and after the adoption of the questionnaire were 60 students in the form of this investigation. Wiseman said the results showed that although the two programs have enhanced their self-confidence, but the magic class effective than the traditional curriculum. He found that lack of self-confidence of the shy child from his course the greatest benefit. The researchers explained that in order to show the success of "magic", the children must repeatedly practice. This will enhance their ability to exercise self-discipline and attention. In the students to learn how to display a "unique" in the process of the children's self-confidence can be enhanced. And that children must think the audience will be watching how they perform, how to avoid "Luxian Er", which can switch their thinking, social skills can be improved. 2008-09-30 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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兒童用手機 腦瘤風險大Children with brain tumor cell phone risks

兒童用手機 腦瘤風險大 【新華社】電瑞典一項最新研究表明，兒童和青少年使用手機會使罹患腦腫瘤的幾率增加4倍。 這項研究由瑞典厄勒布魯大學醫院的教授倫納特‧哈德爾領導實施，研究人員分析了輻射導致腫瘤風險的數據。 哈德爾說：「20歲前開始使用手機者患神經膠質瘤的風險增加4倍多。」神經膠質瘤侵害支持中樞神經系統的神經膠質細胞。另外，年輕時使用手機者患聽覺神經瘤的風險同樣增加4倍。 家用無繩電話的危害與手機幾乎相當。哈德爾說，年輕時使用無繩電話者患神經膠質瘤的風險增加4倍多。 相對而言，20多歲以後開始使用手機的人患神經膠質瘤風險提高50％，患聽覺神經瘤的風險提高1倍。 哈德爾認為，除非在緊急情況下，12歲以下的兒童不應用手機；青少年用手機通話時應使用免提設備或耳機，儘量發送短信。他稱，兒童和青少年使用手機帶來的實際風險可能比研究結果揭露的問題更嚴重。 研究結果還表明，使用手機超過10年的成年人患神經膠質瘤和聽覺神經瘤的風險也會大大增加。 2008-09-30 Children with brain tumor cell phone risks Xinhua News Agency】 【power to a new Swedish study shows that children and young people will use mobile phones risk suffering from brain tumors increased four times. The study by the University Hospital in Orebro, Sweden's Lennart Professor ‧ hadr leadership, the researchers analyzed the risk of radiation oncology lead. Harder said: "The 20-year-old former cell phone started to suffer from increased risk of glioma 4 times." Against glioma in support of the central nervous system of glial cells. In addition, young people use mobile phones risk of acoustic neuroma risk also increased four times. Cordless home phones and cell phones almost a considerable hazard. Harder said that the use of cordless phones is a young man suffering from an increased risk of glioma 4 times. In comparison, the 20-year-old after the beginning of the use of mobile phones of people suffering from glioma risk increased by 50%, suffering from auditory nerve tumors to increase the risk of 1 times. Harder believes that unless in an emergency situation, children under the age of 12 should not use mobile phones; young people to use hands-free cell phone calls should be used or headphones, as far as possible to send text messages. He said children and young people brought about by the use of cell phones than the actual risk findings revealed a more serious problem. The results also showed that the use of mobile phones for more than 10 years of suffering from adult glioma and acoustic neuroma risk will be greatly increased. 2008-09-30 View more information, see the World Journal reported that e-ePaper

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兒童吃太鹹 增加心臟病風險

兒童吃太鹹 增加心臟病風險 【中新網】據資訊時報報導，英國「國家飲食及營養調查」(National Diet and Nutrition Survey)指出，兒童吃太多含鹽量高的食物，會導致血壓上升，增加他們患心臟病和中風的可能。 調查研究了1658名兒童7天的飲食習慣，記錄他們吃鹽的分量和血壓水準，發現每天多吃一克鹽，都會令血壓值上升0.4mmHg。 英國一個健康組織也表示，這個調查提醒家長，在挑選食物給孩子時，必須留意包裝上的鹽分含量，特別是早餐的玉米片、零食和方便麵等，這些食物都含有很高的鹽分。 英國食品標準局建議，3歲小孩每天最多只可吃2克鹽、4~6歲的最多吃3克、7~10歲吃5克、11歲最多吃6克，嬰兒則不應吃有鹽的食物。該局說：最好吃的比這更少。市面上不少加工食品的含鹽量已超出孩子一天最高攝取的鹽量。 2007-09-24

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